Sensory receptors with unmyelinated (C) fibers innervating the skin of the rabbit's ear

Shea, V. K.; Perl, Edward R.

doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.3.491

Cited by 75 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first hypothesis is supported by a previous study showing that CLTMRs innervating the ear skin of rabbits exhibit weak heat responses (Shea and Perl, 1985). However, all of the CLTMRs examined in WT and other control mouse strains responded to cooling but not to heat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Skin Alters the Mechanical Sensitivity of Cutaneous Nociceptors

Albers¹,

Woodbury²,

Ritter³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neurons classified as nociceptors are dependent on nerve growth factor (NGF) during embryonic development, but a large subpopulation lose this dependence during embryonic and postnatal times and become responsive to the transforming growth factor ␤ family member, glial cell line-derived growth factor (GDNF). To elucidate the functional properties of GDNF-dependent nociceptors and distinguish them from nociceptors that retain NGF dependence, the cellular and physiologic properties of sensory neurons of wild-type and transgenic mice that overexpress GDNF in the skin (GDNF-OE) were analyzed using a skin, nerve, dorsal root ganglion, and spinal cord preparation, immunolabeling, and reverse transcriptase-PCR assays. Although an increase in peripheral conduction velocity of C-fibers in GDNF-OE mice was measured, other electrophysiological properties, including resting membrane potential and somal action potentials, were unchanged. We also show that isolectin B4 (IB4)-positive neurons, many of which are responsive to GDNF, exhibited significantly lower thresholds to mechanical stimulation relative to wild-type neurons. However, no change was observed in heat thresholds for the same population of cells. The increase in mechanical sensitivity was found to correlate with significant increases in acid-sensing ion channels 2A and 2B and transient receptor potential channel A1, which are thought to contribute to detection of mechanical stimuli. These data indicate that enhanced expression of GDNF in the skin can change mechanical sensitivity of IB4-positive nociceptive afferents and that this may occur through enhanced expression of specific types of channel proteins.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Skin Alters the Mechanical Sensitivity of Cutaneous Nociceptors

Albers¹,

Woodbury²,

Ritter³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In vivo, C-polymodal nociceptors responded not only to heat, but also routinely to cold stimuli as well as the rewarming phase as temperatures returned to baseline levels. The latter rebound response appears to be novel (Albers et al 2006;Bessou and Perl 1969;Burgess and Perl 1973;Cain et al 2001;Koltzenburg et al 1997;Lynn et al 1995;Shea and Perl 1985;Simone and Kajander 1996;Woodbury et al 2004) and warrants additional studies of the underlying mechanisms.…”

Section: Peripheral Response Properties Of Cutaneous Afferentsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Physiological Properties of Mouse Skin Sensory Neurons Recorded Intracellularly In Vivo: Temperature Effects on Somal Membrane Properties

Boada

Woodbury²

2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Boada MD, Woodbury CJ. Physiological properties of mouse skin sensory neurons recorded intracellularly in vivo: temperature effects on somal membrane properties. J Neurophysiol 98: 668 -680, 2007. First published May 30, 2007 doi:10.1152/jn.00264.2007. Recent combined analyses of the structural, functional, and molecular attributes of individual skin sensory neurons using semi-intact in vitro preparations from mice have provided a wealth of novel insights into nociceptor biology. How these findings translate to more natural conditions nevertheless remains unresolved. Toward this end, intracellular recordings were obtained from 362 physiologically identified dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a new in vivo mouse preparation developed for combined structure/function analyses of individual skin sensory neurons. Recordings were conducted at thoracic levels in adult decorticate mice for comparison with in vitro findings from the same trunk region. In all, 270 neurons were recorded at DRG temperatures tightly regulated at normal core values to establish a baseline and 137 skin sensory neurons were included in detailed analyses of somal properties for comparisons with similar data obtained under reduced temperatures mirroring in vitro conditions. Recovery of Neurobiotin-labeled central projections was crucial for verifying perceived afferent identity of certain neurons. Further, profound temperature dependency was seen across diverse physiological properties. Indeed, the broad, inflected somal spikes normally viewed as diagnostic of myelinated nociceptors were found to be a product of reduced temperatures and were not present at normal core values. Moreover, greater complexity was observed peripherally in the mechanical and thermal sensitivity profile of nociceptive and nonnociceptive populations than that seen under in vitro conditions. This novel in vivo preparation therefore holds considerable promise for future analyses of nociceptor function and plasticity in normal and transgenic models of pain mechanisms.

show abstract

“…However, such heat nociceptor C fibres are not found in rabbit cutaneous nerves (Lynn, 1979;Shea & Perl, 1985). Instead, in rabbit skin, a proportion of the polymodal nociceptor afferents are responsible for producing antidromic vasodilatation.…”

Section: Species Differencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the pig, the vasoactive afferent fibres are a specialized class of C nociceptor, called heat nociceptor units, which are highly sensitive to noxious heating and irritant chemicals but have little or no mechanical sensitivity (Lynn, Faulstroh & Pierau, 1995;Lynn, Sch utterle & Pierau, 1996). However, such heat nociceptor afferents are not found in rabbit cutaneous nerves (Lynn, 1979;Shea & Perl, 1985), and are rare in nerves supplying rat skin (Lynn & Carpenter, 1982). This study, therefore, was undertaken to reveal which functional class or classes of afferent C fibre are responsible for antidromic vasodilatation in the skin of the rabbit and the rat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Cutaneous C Fibre Type and Antidromic Vasodilatation in the Rabbit and the Rat

Gee

Lynn

Cotsell

1997

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Skin blood flow was monitored during antidromic stimulation of identified cutaneous C fibres in fine filaments dissected from the saphenous nerve of anaesthetized rabbits and rats. The techniques used to monitor skin blood flow were laser Doppler perfusion imaging and laser Doppler flowmetry. In the rabbit filaments a total of thirty‐three C fibres were tested for their ability to produce antidromic vasodilatation. The only C fibres found to have vasodilator actions were of the polymodal nociceptor afferent class, and fourteen (50%) of the twenty‐eight polymodal nociceptor units tested were vasoactive. The afferent receptive fields of polymodal nociceptor afferents were mapped carefully using suprathreshold mechanical stimuli, and there was a good correlation between afferent receptive field area and area of vasodilatation. In the rat, eleven of the fifty‐four C fibres antidromically stimulated had vasodilator actions. All eleven vasoactive C fibres were nociceptive and comprised seven polymodal nociceptor units, two heat nociceptor units and two incompletely classified nociceptor units. The area of increased blood flow was always coincident with the afferent field of the stimulated unit. In the rat the vasodilator units were not evenly distributed over the saphenous nerve receptive field. Nine of the eleven vasoactive C fibres had receptive fields located on the foot or the digits, and only two were on the ankle or lower leg. Overall, the population of nociceptive C fibres was evenly distributed over the saphenous nerve receptive field. In both the rabbit and the rat, a subclass of polymodal nociceptor afferents form the majority of the vasoactive units and will make the main contribution to axon reflex flare and other neurogenic inflammatory responses involving vasodilatation. The vasoactive polymodal nociceptor units tend to have relatively low mechanical sensitivity, although they have typical heat thresholds. In the rat heat nociceptor units also have vasodilator actions. However, such heat nociceptor units form a minor functional class of afferent C fibre in the rat saphenous nerve, and are not found in the rabbit saphenous nerve. The findings from this study in the rabbit and the rat are compared with the situation in pig skin. The close relationship between afferent receptive field area and spread of flare across species is noted, and the way these measures increase with body size is discussed.

show abstract

Sensory receptors with unmyelinated (C) fibers innervating the skin of the rabbit's ear

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Skin Alters the Mechanical Sensitivity of Cutaneous Nociceptors

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Expression in Skin Alters the Mechanical Sensitivity of Cutaneous Nociceptors

Physiological Properties of Mouse Skin Sensory Neurons Recorded Intracellularly In Vivo: Temperature Effects on Somal Membrane Properties

The Relationship between Cutaneous C Fibre Type and Antidromic Vasodilatation in the Rabbit and the Rat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About