Sensory neurons of the rat sciatic nerve

Swett, John E.; Torigoe, Yasuhiro; Elie, Vincent R.; Bourassa, Charles M.; Miller, Peter G.

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(91)90087-s

Cited by 188 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…We also conducted the sural nerve stimulation. However, only small twitch of the middle toe in the rat was observed and there were no muscle signals of the TA and the GC, a result that is consistent with previous literature showing that sural nerve mainly includes sensory fibers instead of motor fibers that activate the muscle 44. These results indicate that the FNC work well on sciatic nerve branches with different sizes, and consequently can be used to evoke different patterns of muscle activation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Toward Bioelectronic Medicine—Neuromodulation of Small Peripheral Nerves Using Flexible Neural Clip

et al. 2017

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Neural modulation technology and the capability to affect organ function have spawned the new field of bioelectronic medicine. Therapeutic interventions depend on wireless bioelectronic neural interfaces that can conformally and easily attach to small (few hundred micrometers) nerves located deep in the body without neural damage. Besides size, factors like flexibility and compliance to attach and adapt to visceral nerves associated moving organs are of paramount importance and have not been previously addressed. This study proposes a novel flexible neural clip (FNC) that can be used to interface with a variety of different peripheral nerves. To illustrate the flexibility of the design, this study stimulates the pelvic nerve, the vagus nerve, and branches of the sciatic nerve and evaluates the feasibility of the design in modulating the function of each of these nerves. It is found that this FNC allows fine‐tuning of physiological processes such as micturition, heart rate, and muscle contractions. Furthermore, this study also tests the ability of wirelessly powered FNC to enable remote modulation of visceral pelvic nerves located deep in the body. These results show that the FNC can be used with a range of different nerves, providing one of the critical pieces in the field of bioelectronics medicines.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Toward Bioelectronic Medicine—Neuromodulation of Small Peripheral Nerves Using Flexible Neural Clip

et al. 2017

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“…The majority of all sciatic nerve primary afferent neuronal somata in the rat are located in the L4 and L5 DRGs [88]. Yip et al reported that localized horseradish peroxidase injection into crushed sciatic nerve of rats labels most neurons in L4 and L5 DRG [101].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yip et al reported that localized horseradish peroxidase injection into crushed sciatic nerve of rats labels most neurons in L4 and L5 DRG [101]. Although in the rat the L4 DRG neuronal population is the major contributor of axons into the sciatic nerve, containing approximately 60% of the total sciatic DRG neurons [88], not all L4 DRG neurons project into the sciatic nerve [52]. Few L4 DRG neurons also dichotomize into two or more axons, each one projecting into different nerves [88].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although in the rat the L4 DRG neuronal population is the major contributor of axons into the sciatic nerve, containing approximately 60% of the total sciatic DRG neurons [88], not all L4 DRG neurons project into the sciatic nerve [52]. Few L4 DRG neurons also dichotomize into two or more axons, each one projecting into different nerves [88]. Devor et al, using electrophysiological and retrograde trace transport methods, showed that approximately 46-52% of the adult rat L4 DRG myelinated nerve fibers project into the sciatic nerve [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opposing effects of spinal nerve ligation on calcium-activated potassium currents in axotomized and adjacent mammalian primary afferent neurons

Sarantopoulos¹,

McCallum²,

Rigaud³

et al. 2007

Brain Research

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Calcium-activated potassium channels regulate AHP and excitability in neurons. Since we have previously shown that axotomy decreases I Ca in DRG neurons, we investigated the association between I Ca and K (Ca) currents in control medium-sized (30-39 μM) neurons, as well as axotomized L5 or adjacent L4 DRG neurons from hyperalgesic rats following L5 SNL. Currents in response to AP waveform voltage commands were recorded first in Tyrode's solution and sequentially after: 1) blocking Na + current with NMDG and TTX; 2) addition of K (Ca) blockers with a combination of apamin 1μM, iberiotoxin 200 nM, and clotrimazole 500 nM; 3) blocking remaining K + current with the addition of 4-AP, TEA-Cl, and glibenclamide; and 4) blocking I Ca with cadmium. In separate experiments, currents were evoked (HP −60 mV, 200 ms square command pulses from −100 to +50 mV) while ensuring high levels of activation of I K(Ca) by clamping cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration with pipette solution in which Ca 2+ was buffered to1μM. This revealed I K(Ca) with components sensitive to apamin, clotrimazole and iberiotoxin. SNL decreases total I K(Ca) in axotomized (L5) neurons, but increases total I K(Ca) in adjacent (L4) DRG neurons. All I K(Ca) subtypes are decreased by axotomy, but iberiotoxin-sensitive and clotrimazole-sensitive current densities are increased in adjacent L4 neurons after SNL. In an additional set of experiments we found that small sized control DRG neurons also expressed iberiotoxin-sensitive currents, which are reduced in both axotomized (L5) and adjacent (L4) neurons.Conclusions: Axotomy decreases I K(Ca) due to a direct effect on K (Ca) channels. Axotomy-induced loss of I Ca may further potentiate current reduction. This reduction in I K(Ca) may contribute to elevated excitability after axotomy. Adjacent neurons (L4 after SNL) exhibit increased I K(Ca) current.

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“…Interestingly, the number of neurons found in these studies is much higher than those obtained from complete reconstructions of the neuronal populations labelled with WGA-HRP (Swett et al, 1986(Swett et al, , 1991 and from counting of neurons using retrograde tracing with fluorescent without correction for split cells, (Puigdellívol-Sánchez et al, 2000b), which should overestimate the real population. A possible explanation is the variability of section thickness due to the marked and uneven shrinkage of frozen sections, which has been reported to introduce substantial noise in the number estimations, when unbiased stereological methods are used (Negredo et al, 2004).…”

Section: Considerations About Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Estimations of topographically correct regeneration to nerve branches and skin after peripheral nerve injury and repair

Puigdellı́vol-Sánchez

Prats-Galino

Molander

2006

Brain Research

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Peripheral nerve injury is typically associated with long-term disturbances in sensory localization, despite nerve repair and regeneration. Here we investigate the extent of correct reinnervation by back-labeling neuronal soma with fluorescent tracers applied in the target area before and after sciatic nerve injury and repair in the rat. The subpopulations of sensory or motor neurons that had regenerated their axons to either the tibial branch or the skin of the third hindlimb digit were calculated from the number cell bodies labeled by the first and/or second tracer. Compared to the normal control side, 81% of the sensory and 66% of the motor tibial nerve cells regenerated their axons back to this nerve, while 22% of the afferent cells from the third digit reinnervated this digit. Corresponding percentages based on quantification of the surviving population on the experimental side showed 91%, 87%, and 56%, respectively. The results show that nerve injury followed by nerve repair by epineurial suture results in a high but variable amount of topographically correct regeneration, and that proportionally more neurons regenerate into the correct proximal nerve branch than into the correct innervation territory in the skin. SECTION: 4. Nervous System Development, Regeneration and Aging.

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Sensory neurons of the rat sciatic nerve

Cited by 188 publications

References 68 publications

Toward Bioelectronic Medicine—Neuromodulation of Small Peripheral Nerves Using Flexible Neural Clip

Toward Bioelectronic Medicine—Neuromodulation of Small Peripheral Nerves Using Flexible Neural Clip

Opposing effects of spinal nerve ligation on calcium-activated potassium currents in axotomized and adjacent mammalian primary afferent neurons

Estimations of topographically correct regeneration to nerve branches and skin after peripheral nerve injury and repair

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