Sensitization of the visual field.

Egly, Robert; Homa, Donald

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.10.6.778

Cited by 96 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The primary dependent measures are accuracy and sensitivity (or discriminability). Perhaps because of technical problems similar to those discussed above, early studies using accuracy of form discrimination found relatively small effects, typically less than 5% (e.g., Egly & Homa, 1984;Grindley & Townsend, 1968;Van der Heijden, Schreuder, & Wolters, 1985). These were followed by numerous studies that indicated perceptual processing indeed may be better at cued locations than at uncued locations (e.g., Chastain, 1991;Downing, 1988;Muller, 1994;Muller & Findlay, 1987;Possamai & Bonnel, 1991;Shaw & Shaw, 1977).…”

Section: Spatially Cued Discrimination or Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and modeling the trajectory of visual spatial attention.

Shih¹,

Sperling²

2002

Psychological Review

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In a novel choice attention-gating paradigm, observers monitor a stream of 3 ϫ 3 letter arrays until a tonal cue directs them to report 1 row. Analyses of the particular arrays from which reported letters are chosen and of the joint probabilities of reporting pairs of letters are used to derive a theory of attention dynamics. An attention window opens 0.15 s following a cue to attend to a location, remains open (minimally) 0.2 s, and admits information simultaneously from all the newly attended locations. The window dynamics are independent of the distance moved. The theory accounts for about 90% of the variance from the over 400 data points obtained from each of the observers in the 3 experiments reported here. With minor elaborations, it applies to all the principal paradigms used to study the dynamics of visual spatial attention.We explored a method of measuring the trajectory of spatial attention that is analogous to measuring the trajectory of subatomic particles in a Glaser bubble chamber (Gray & Isaacs, 1975). In the bubble chamber, a three-dimensional space is filled with a superheated liquid. A particle traveling through the liquid causes rapid localized boiling-microscopic bubbles-along its path. The bubbles can be photographed to indicate the particle's track and the tracks of decay and reaction products that it might produce. The complete tracks of all the bubbles define the trajectory of the particle (see Figure 1). In our procedure, a two-dimensional 3 ϫ 3 array is filled with letters. These letters change 7 to 10 times per second. Thus each letter occupies a little cube in a threedimensional space-time volume. During a movement of voluntary attention, some of the letters along the attention trajectory are entered into memory. The track of the remembered letters defines the trajectory of attention through the three-dimensional volume.Once attention trajectories have been measured in a threedimensional array of letters, it would be desirable to know whether these trajectories are the same trajectories as have been inferred from other procedures, such as partial report, which involves transfer from iconic memory (Neisser, 1967) to durable storage (Coltheart, 1980) of letters in a single two-dimensional array. A strong test of the possibility of equivalent attention trajectories in different experimental paradigms requires that all paradigms be tested with the same observers and with similar stimulus materials. Therefore, in addition to the main experiment, which measured attention shifts in three-dimensional letter arrays, two supplementary experiments were conducted with two-dimensional letter arrays: partial-report and whole-report procedures, each with and without poststimulus masks, all with the same 3 ϫ 3 letter arrays.Whereas estimating an attention trajectory from the letter-filled three-dimensional displays is relatively straightforward, estimating attention trajectories from partial-report experiments is complicated, requiring a full model of information decay, information transfer rates fro...

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Section: Spatially Cued Discrimination or Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and modeling the trajectory of visual spatial attention.

Shih¹,

Sperling²

2002

Psychological Review

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“…More recent studies have shown that localization variance increases when less attention is available (Adam, Huys, van Loon, Kingma, & Paas, 2000;Adam, Ketelaars, Kingma, & Hoek, 1993;Egly & Homa, 1984;Newby & Rock, 2001;Prinzmetal, Amiri, Allen, & Edwards, 1998;Tsal & Bareket, 1999). This has led theorists to propose that attention increases spatial resolution (He, Cavanagh, & Intriligator, 1997;Tsal, Meiran, & Lamy, 1995;Tsal & Shalev, 1996;Yeshurun & Carrasco, 1998).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Segregation in Visual Search: Evidence From Parietal Lesions.

Olivers

Humphreys²

2004

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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The detection or discrimination of the second of 2 targets in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task is often temporarily impaired-a phenomenon termed the attentional blink. This study demonstrated that the attentional blink also affects localization performance. Spatial cues pointed out the possible target positions in a subsequent visual search display. When cues were presented inside an attentional blink (as induced by an RSVP task), the observers' capacity to use them was reduced. This effect was not due to attention being highly focused, to general task switching costs, or to complete unawareness of the cues. Instead, the blink induced a systematic localization bias toward the fovea, reflecting what appears to be spatial compression.

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“…The sensitivity of perception is typically examined by utilizing signal detection theory. When a visual cue is presented beforehand to indicate the location of a target stimulus, the sensitivity for perception (either detection or discrimination) of the target becomes higher than otherwise equivalent stimulus which is not cued (Bashinski & Bacharach, 1980;Egly & Homa, 1984;Downing, 1988;Miiller & Rabbit, 1989). The changes in perceptual resolution can be measured as changes in positional accuracies, such as vernier acuity (Nakayama & Mackeben, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal visual attention produces illusory temporal order and motion sensation

1993

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Spatial attention was studied using a new visual ilhrsion of motion: a line, which was presented physically at once, was perceived to be drawn from one side when attention had been captured to that side of the line by a preceding visual cue stimulus. By comparing with a temporal order task, we showed that the line-motion illusion was produced by acceleration of visual information processing at the locus of attention. The results suggest that the facilitatory effect of attention is exerted at relatively early stages of visual information processing where visual signals are to be fed into the motion detecting mechanism.

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Sensitization of the visual field.

Cited by 96 publications

References 11 publications

Measuring and modeling the trajectory of visual spatial attention.

Measuring and modeling the trajectory of visual spatial attention.

Spatiotemporal Segregation in Visual Search: Evidence From Parietal Lesions.

Focal visual attention produces illusory temporal order and motion sensation

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