Sensitivity to ampicillin, penicillin, and tetracyline of gonococci in Rotterdam.

Stolz, E.; Zwart, H.; Michel, Marie-Claude

doi:10.1136/sti.50.3.202

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Whereas 47% of the Belgian strains and 46% of the Swazi strains are less susceptible to penicillin (MIC 2 0.06 ug/ml), as much as 85% of the Rwandan gonococci have MICs greater than 0.03 ,ug/ml. The figures for Belgium are comparable to those found in other European countries (12), but the prevalence of decreased susceptibility is lower than that in the United States (4). There has been no significant increase in relative resistance to penicillin in Belgium since 1974 (5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from Europe and Africa

Piot

Dyck

Colaert

et al. 1979

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro activities of 16 antimicrobial agents were tested by a plate dilution method against 268 unselected isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Belgium, Rwanda, Swaziland, and Zaire. Fifteen 8l-lactamase-producing strains isolated in Europe from various origins were also tested. There were significant regional variations in antinicrobial agent susceptibility, even among the African isolates, with the Rwandan and Zairean strains being most resistant. Benzylpenicillin and ampicillin were equally active in all but the ,B-lactamase-producing strains. Among the cephalosporins, cefotaxime was by far the most active, followed by cefuroxime, cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefaclor, in that order. All strains were susceptible to spectinomycin, thiamphenicol, kanamycin, and rifampin, with the exception of one highly rifampin-resistant isolate and a moderately thiamphenicol-resistant strain. Twenty-six percent of the isolates were highly resistant to streptomycin. Six percent of the gonococci had a minimal inhibitory concentration for tetracycline greater than 2 ug/ml; Clavulanic acid inhibited the ,B-lactamase activity of the gonococci tested and improved markedly the activities of ampicillin and amoxicillin against fl-lactamase-producing strains.The recent emergence of 83-lactamase-producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2) and the high prevalence of isolates with low susceptibilities to penicillin in many developing countries (7,11,(13)(14)(15) have made the selection of alternative drugs for the treatment of gonorrhea imperative. An essential feature of any altemative drug is that it must be active in vitro. We investigated the in vitro activities of 16

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from Europe and Africa

Piot

Dyck

Colaert

et al. 1979

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…MICs of enoxacin, tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin, and cefuroxime for the N. gonorrhoeae strains were determined by an agar dilution technique on gonococcal agar base (11) with twofold serial antibiotic dilutions between 4 and 0.004 jig/ml and a bacterial inoculum of 104 CFU/spot. All N. gonorrhoeae strains were tested for beta-lactamase production using the chromogenic cephalosporin (nitrocephin) test (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative double-blind study of 200- and 400-mg enoxacin given orally in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea in males

Willigen¹,

Hoek²,

Wagenvoort³

et al. 1987

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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In a double-blind randomized study, 155 male patients with uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea were given 200 mg (one capsule with 200 mg and one capsule with placebo; n = 77) or 400 mg (two capsules with 200 mg; n = 78) of enoxacin orally. The cure rates in the 200-and 400-mg treatment groups were 90 and 92%, respectively. The enoxacin MIC for the isolated Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains ranged from 0.015 to 0.12 ,ug/ml.Postgonococcal urethritis was diagnosed in 29 (42%) patients in the 200-mg treatment group and 19 (26%) patients in the 400-mg treatment group. Side effects (nausea, headache, and vomiting) occurred in 2 (3%) of the 77 patients in the 200-mg treatment group and in 3 (4%) of the 78 patients in the 400-mg treatment group.The increasing resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to penicillins and tetracycline calls for new therapeutic agents. The 4-quinolone group has yielded some derivatives that are active against N. gonorrhoeae and can be given orally. Cure rates of up to 100% have been reported in previous studies with ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhea in males (12) and with enoxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhea in females (4, 13). In vitro studies have shown that enoxacin, one of the new quinolone agents, is effective against N. gonorrhoeae with MICs of 0.03 to 0.25 ,ug/ml (8). Our double-blind randomized study involved clinical evaluation of the treatment of uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea in males with a single oral dose of either 200 or 400 mg of enoxacin. MATERIALS AND METHODSPatient population. All patients were men attending the outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases at the University Hospital Rotterdam-Dijkzigt. Patients who were under 18, had disseminated gonococcal infections, had solitary rectal or pharyngeal gonococcal infections, had syphilis, liver, or kidney diseases, had allergies to quinolones, and were recently treated with enoxacin or on theophylline medication were excluded. This was a double-blind study. A randomization list ensured that patients received a single oral dose of either 400 mg of enoxacin in two 200-mg capsules or 200 mg of enoxacin in one 200-mg capsule and one placebo capsule. The capsules were taken with water under the supervision of a nurse. The patients were advised to abstain from sexual contacts throughout the follow-up period.All subjects gave oral informed consent before they were enrolled, and the study was approved by the committee for the protection of human subjects at the University Hospital Rotterdam-Dijkzigt.Venereological study. A standard history was taken, and all patients underwent the following tests before and after * Corresponding author.therapy. Gram stains were made of the discharge, and samples for Chlamydia trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae cultures were taken from the urethra. N. gonorrhoeae culture samples were taken from the pharynx (and from the rectum in homosexual men), and the sediment of 10 to 15 ml of the first-voided urine was collected. Blood was drawn for Vener...

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“…In an earlier paper, Stolz et al [1974] reported the results of determina tions of MIC for ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline of a number of gonococcus strains isolated in 1971 and 1972 from male and female civilians and seamen. The interrelations between the sensitivities to ampicillin, peni cillin and tetracycline were investigated in this study by calculating rank correlation coefficients for the sensitivity distributions of one group of gonococcus strains for the antibiotics, taken two at a time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Gonococcus Strains Isolated in Rotterdam to Epicillin, Ampicillin, Penicillin and Tetracycline

Stolz¹,

Michel²,

Schuller³

et al. 1978

Dermatology

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Quantitative determinations of the sensitivity to epicillin, ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline were carried out for 67 gonococcus strains isolated from 67 males with urogenital gonorrhoea, and 38 strains isolated from 38 females with urogenital/rectal gonorrhoea. The results of the sensitivity determinations for ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline were compared with the findings of a previous investigation. It was found that the gonococcus strains isolated from males had become slightly more sensitive to ampicillin and tetracycline, and slightly less sensitive to penicillin between 1971–1972 and 1976. The percentages of strains isolated from females which were relatively resistant to ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline had not changed during this period. It was also striking that the in vitro activity of epicillin for strains isolated both from males and females was significantly greater than that of ampicillin.

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Sensitivity to ampicillin, penicillin, and tetracyline of gonococci in Rotterdam.

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from Europe and Africa

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains from Europe and Africa

Comparative double-blind study of 200- and 400-mg enoxacin given orally in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea in males

Sensitivity of Gonococcus Strains Isolated in Rotterdam to Epicillin, Ampicillin, Penicillin and Tetracycline

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