Sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-southern hybridization and conventional PCR analysis for Halal authentication of gelatin capsules

Mutalib, Sahilah Abd.; Muin, Nursheila Mustafa; Abdullah, Aminah; Hassan, Osman; Mustapha, Wan Aida Wan; Sani, Norrakiah Abdullah; Maskat, Mohamad Yusof

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.006

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Finally, the results showed that using real-time PCR with commercial DNA extraction kit provides detection of porcine DNA in food products as low as 1%, like in Cai et al (2012), with a 2% false negative rate (Cai et al, 2012;Demirhan et al, 2012). Abd Mutalib et al (2015) reported a technique which is a combination of PCR and southern hybridization in order to be used in analysis of halal authentication of gelatin capsules. The researchers also compared their results with conventional PCR.…”

Section: Real-time Pcr (Quantitative Pcr / Qpcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCR based techniques are widely used to detect species origin in many meat products; however, there are limited studies intended for gelatin differentiation (Abd Mutalib et al, 2015;Cai et al, 2012;Demirhan et al, 2012;Grundy et al, 2016;Shabani et al, 2015). These techniques provide results through DNA sequence level, so it has high specificity, sensitivity, and discriminating power (Nakyinsige et al, 2012).…”

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitochondrial DNA also evolves faster compared to nucleus DNA. Cytocrome b (cyt b), ATP 6 and 12S rRNA are mostly used mitochondrial genes as markers to develop PCR assays for meat species authentication (Abd Mutalib et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2010a;Murugaiah et al, 2009). There are various types of PCR analysis which have been used for determination of species of meat and meat products, and gelatin, as well.…”

Section: Pcr Based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abd Mutalib et al (2015) reported a technique which is a combination of PCR and southern hybridization in order to be used in analysis of halal authentication of gelatin capsules. The researchers also compared their results with conventional PCR.…”

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limit of detection of porcine DNA was determined as 0.001 ng. PCR-southern hybridization on chip assay was reported as applicable for highly processed foods, such as gelatin, relying on its ability to detect very low concentration of porcine DNA (Abd Mutalib et al, 2015).…”

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin Determination and Differentiation of Gelatin Species of Bovine, Porcine, and Piscine through Analytical Methods

Eryılmaz

Işık

Demircan

et al. 2017

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Gelatin origin determination has been a crucial issue with respect to religion and health concerns. It is necessary to analyze the origin of gelatin with reliable methods to ensure not only consumer choices but also safety and legal requirements such as labeling. There are many analytical methods developed for detection and/or quantification of gelatin from different sources including bovine, porcine and piscine. These analytical methods can be divided into physicochemical, chromatographic, immunochemical, spectroscopic and molecular methods. Moreover, computational methods have been used in some cases consecutively to ensure sensitivity of the analytical methods. Every method has different advantages and limitations due to their own principles, applied food matrix and process conditions of material. The present review intends to give insight into novel analytical methods and perspectives that have been developed to differentiate porcine, bovine and piscine gelatins and to establish their authenticity. Almost every method can be succeeded in origin determination; however, it is a matter of sensitivity in that some researches fail to ensure sufficient differentiation. IntroductionGelatin is a water soluble protein obtained by hydrolysis of collagen to several high molecular weight polypeptides. While the main component of the gelatin is protein (85-92%), it also contains mineral salts and moisture (Baziwane and He, 2003;Schrieber and Gareis, 2007). Gelatin has a great importance in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and especially food industry with its well-known functional properties such as gel formation in jellies, foam formation and stabilization in ice cream, emulsion stabilization in meat products, syneresis stabilization in yogurt (Nhari et al., 2012). Gelatin was produced approximately 326.000 metric tons in 2008 worldwide, and it is estimated to be consumed 395.840 metric tons by the year of 2017 according to Global Industry Analysts, Inc. which is one of the largest and reputed market research companies (Anonymous, 2016).The raw materials used in gelatin production are mainly from bovine and porcine sources: 80% from pig skin, 15% from cattle hide split, the remaining 5 % from bones, fish and other sources (GME, 2016). Gelatin origin determination has been a matter of paramount importance for Muslims, Hindus, Jews, vegetarians and vegans, in that, in Islam and Judaism, porcine derivatives are prohibited to consume, whereas in Hinduism, cow can neither be slaughtered nor consumed. Vegetarians and vegans prefer to eat animal-free foods (Boran et al., 2010;Nhari et al., 2012). Moreover, bovine gelatin has been restricted for human consumption due to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) outbreak in 1986 in England and other countries (Venien and Levieux, 2005). Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the origin of gelatin with a reliable method. As far as it is concerned; physiochemical, chromatographic, immunochemical, spectroscopic and molecular methods have been developed to determine and differentiate gelatin o...

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Section: Real-time Pcr (Quantitative Pcr / Qpcr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pcr Based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pcr Combined With Southern Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Origin Determination and Differentiation of Gelatin Species of Bovine, Porcine, and Piscine through Analytical Methods

Eryılmaz

Işık

Demircan

et al. 2017

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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Advances and challenges in conventional and modern techniques for halal food authentication: A review

Usman,

Sana,

Afzaal

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Food is one of the most necessary needs since human civilization. For Muslims, it is mandatory to consume halal food. From a halal authentication perspective, adulteration of food products is an emerging challenge worldwide. The demand for halal food consumption has resulted in an ever‐increasing need for halal product validity. In the market, there are several food products in which actual ingredients and their source are not mentioned on the label and cannot be observed by the naked eye. Commonly nonhalal items include pig derivatives like lard, pork, and gelatin derivatives, dead meats, alcohol, blood, and prohibited animals. Purposely, various conventional and modern methods offer precise approaches to ensure the halalness and wholesomeness of food products. Conventional methods are physiochemical (dielectric) and electrophoresis. At the same time, modern techniques include high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), electronic nose (E‐Nose), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. This review intends to give an extensive and updated overview of conventional and modern analytical methods for ensuring food halal authenticity.

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Duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for simultaneous quantification of bovine and porcine gelatin in capsules

Mahamad

Dahlan

Kahong

et al. 2022

Food Sci Biotechnol

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Sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-southern hybridization and conventional PCR analysis for Halal authentication of gelatin capsules

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Origin Determination and Differentiation of Gelatin Species of Bovine, Porcine, and Piscine through Analytical Methods

Origin Determination and Differentiation of Gelatin Species of Bovine, Porcine, and Piscine through Analytical Methods

Advances and challenges in conventional and modern techniques for halal food authentication: A review

Duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for simultaneous quantification of bovine and porcine gelatin in capsules

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