Sensitivity of lateral hypothalamic neurons to glycemic level: Possible involvement of an indirect adrenergic mechanism

Orsini, J.C.; Wiser, Anne K.; Himmi, T.; Boyer, A.; Perrin, J.

doi:10.1016/0361-9230(91)90086-y

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Feeding behavior is closely linked to fl uctuation in the blood glucose level [9][10][11]27] , and it is well documented that about 40% of the neurons in the LHA are glycemiasensitive neurons [11,33] which may be involved in meal onset triggered by a blood glucose drop [28] . In this study, the correlation between the gastric vagal afferent inputs and the glycemia-sensitive neurons in the LHA was further documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard rectangular pulses (5 V, 1.0 ms) triggered from the spikes were sent through an A/D interface (1404 Plus, CED, UK) to a laboratory computer which was used to analyze the data online by the software Spike 2 (CED, UK). If the recorded neuron responded to the gastric vagal stimulation and/or cerebellar IN stimulation, the sensitivity of the cell to intravenous glucose administration (0.4 M , 0.5 ml/kg), which modifi ed blood glucose in small amounts to simulate normal physiological glycemic fl uctuations associated with feeding [9,10,28] , was tested further. Cells that showed a specifi c and signifi cant inhibition in response to the injection of glucose but not to the administration of normal saline (0.9% NaCl, 0.5 ml/ kg, used as an osmotic and non-glycemic control) and mannitol (0.4 M , 0.5 ml/kg, used as a volumetric control) were considered to be glycemia-sensitive neurons [10,21,22,24,25,28] .…”

Section: Animals and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the recorded neuron responded to the gastric vagal stimulation and/or cerebellar IN stimulation, the sensitivity of the cell to intravenous glucose administration (0.4 M , 0.5 ml/kg), which modifi ed blood glucose in small amounts to simulate normal physiological glycemic fl uctuations associated with feeding [9,10,28] , was tested further. Cells that showed a specifi c and signifi cant inhibition in response to the injection of glucose but not to the administration of normal saline (0.9% NaCl, 0.5 ml/ kg, used as an osmotic and non-glycemic control) and mannitol (0.4 M , 0.5 ml/kg, used as a volumetric control) were considered to be glycemia-sensitive neurons [10,21,22,24,25,28] . In order to examine the possible convergence of gastric vagal and cerebellar IN afferent inputs on the glycemia-sensitive neurons of LHA, in some cells that responded to both the gastric vagal nerves and cerebellar IN stimulation and showed an inhibitory response to glucose administration, the effect of simultaneous stimulation of gastric vagal nerves and cerebellar IN was observed further.…”

Section: Animals and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is closely associated with the initiation and regulation of feeding [3][4][5][6][7][8] , and it is well known that neurons in the LHA can sense the blood glucose concentration [9,10] . A fall in blood glucose may induce hunger and initiate feeding [9,11] , and a growing body of evidence suggests that those neurons sensitive to glycemia integrate food and water intake, various forms of social behavior and neuroendocrine signals involved in the regulation of homeostasis of blood glucose, feeding and other physiological functions [12,13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurons in the Rat Lateral Hypothalamic Area Integrate Information from the Gastric Vagal Nerves and the Cerebellar Interpositus Nucleus

et al. 2005

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Previous investigations have demonstrated that the neuronal activity in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is respectively modulated by afferent inputs from the gastric vagal nerves innervating the upper gastrointestinal tract, as well as the cerebellar interpositus nucleus (IN). The aim of this study was to examine whether the gastric vagal and cerebellar IN inputs converge onto single LHA neurons in rats, especially those sensitive to glycemia. Of the 114 LHA neurons recorded, 60 (52.6%) and 51 (44.7%) responded to gastric vagal and cerebellar IN stimulation, respectively. Of the 60 LHA neurons responsive to gastric vagal stimulation, 30 also responded to the cerebellar IN stimulus, indicating a convergence of gastric vagal and cerebellar inputs onto single hypothalamic cells. When the gastric vagal nerves and cerebellar IN were stimulated simultaneously, a summation of the responses was observed in all 6 neurons tested. Moreover, of 24 neurons that responded to both the gastric vagal and cerebellar IN stimuli, 15 (62.5%) were identified as glycemia-sensitive. These results demonstrate that the visceral information transmitted by the gastric vagal nerves and the somatic information forwarded by the cerebellar IN converge onto single LHA neurons, especially those sensitive to glycemia. The findings also suggest that integration of somatic-visceral responses related to short-term feeding regulation may take place in the LHA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals and Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neurons in the Rat Lateral Hypothalamic Area Integrate Information from the Gastric Vagal Nerves and the Cerebellar Interpositus Nucleus

et al. 2005

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“…These neurons respond to low-or high-glucose concentrations either by increasing or decreasing their firing rates. Their activity may also be influenced by glucose-sensitive neurons of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius, which are directly sensitive to glycemic variations and send projections toward the lateral hypothalamus and paraventricular nucleus (20,(22)(23)(24)(25). It has been demonstrated that glucose-sensitive neurons of the brainstem participate in the response of the ANS to hypoglycemia in the dog by showing that counterregulation could be partially suppressed by maintaining normoglycemia specifically in the brainstem (26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence That Extrapancreatic GLUT2-Dependent Glucose Sensors Control Glucagon Secretion

Burcelin

Thorens

2001

Diabetes

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GLUT2؊/؊ mice reexpressing GLUT1 or GLUT2 in their ␤-cells (RIPGLUT1 ؋ GLUT2 ؊/؊ or RIPGLUT2 ؋ GLUT2 ؊/؊ mice) have nearly normal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion but show high glucagonemia in the fed state. Because this suggested impaired control of glucagon secretion, we set out to directly evaluate the control of glucagonemia by variations in blood glucose concentrations. Using fasted RIPGLUT1 ؋ GLUT2 ؊/؊ mice, we showed that glucagonemia was no longer increased by hypoglycemic (2.5 mmol/l glucose) clamps or suppressed by hyperglycemic (10 and 20 mmol/l glucose) clamps. However, an increase in plasma glucagon levels was detected when glycemia was decreased to <1 mmol/l, indicating preserved glucagon secretory ability, but of reduced sensitivity to glucopenia. To evaluate whether the high-fed glucagonemia could be due to an abnormally increased tone of the autonomic nervous system, fed mutant mice were injected with the ganglionic blockers hexamethonium and chlorisondamine. Both drugs lead to a rapid return of glucagonemia to the levels found in control fed mice. We conclude that 1) in the absence of GLUT2, there is an impaired control of glucagon secretion by low or high glucose; 2) this impaired glucagon secretory activity cannot be due to absence of GLUT2 from ␣-cells because these cells do not normally express this transporter; 3) this dysregulation may be due to inactivation of GLUT2-dependent glucose sensors located outside the endocrine pancreas and controlling glucagon secretion; and 4) because fed hyperglucagonemia is rapidly reversed by ganglionic blockers, this suggests that in the absence of GLUT2, there is an increased activity of the autonomic nervous system stimulating glucagon secretion during the fed state.

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Cerebellar modulation of feeding‐related neurons in rat dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

Zhu

Ding

et al. 2006

J of Neuroscience Research

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Cerebellum has newly been implicated in many more nonsomatic functions other than motor control. Previous studies indicate that the cerebellum is involved in feeding regulation and that the gastric vagal nerves transmit short-term meal-related visceral signals, including cholecystokinin (CCK), into the hypothalamus. Recently, the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMN) has been thought to play an important role in feeding control. Here we investigate whether the inputs from cerebellar interpositus nucleus (IN) can reach and converge onto single DMN neurons with some feeding-related visceral signals, including gastric vagal inputs, CCK, and blood glucose, whose concentration is closely linked to food intake. Among the 259 DMN neurons recorded, 120 (46.3%) and 169 (65.3%) responded to the cerebellar IN and gastric vagal stimulations, respectively. Within the 120 DMN neurons responsive to the cerebellar IN stimulation, 98 (81.7%) also responded to the gastric vagal stimulus, and a summation of the responses was observed further (n = 20), suggesting a convergence and interaction of cerebellar and gastric vagal inputs on the cells. Moreover, among the 98 cells receiving convergent inputs from cerebellar IN and gastric vagal nerves, 69 (70.4%) were identified to be glycemia sensitive, and 22 (68.8%) of the 32 tested neurons were also sensitive to systemic CCK. These results demonstrate that the DMN integrates somatic information forwarded by the cerebellar IN and visceral signals related to food intake, including gastric vagal, CCK and glycemia, and electrophysiologically reveal a novel cerebellohypothalamic IN-DMN pathway through which the cerebellum may actively participate in short-term feeding regulation.

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Sensitivity of lateral hypothalamic neurons to glycemic level: Possible involvement of an indirect adrenergic mechanism

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Neurons in the Rat Lateral Hypothalamic Area Integrate Information from the Gastric Vagal Nerves and the Cerebellar Interpositus Nucleus

Neurons in the Rat Lateral Hypothalamic Area Integrate Information from the Gastric Vagal Nerves and the Cerebellar Interpositus Nucleus

Evidence That Extrapancreatic GLUT2-Dependent Glucose Sensors Control Glucagon Secretion

Cerebellar modulation of feeding‐related neurons in rat dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

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