Sensitivity of <i>Botrytis squamosa</i> to Different Classes of Fungicides

Tremblay, D. M.; Talbot, Brian G.; Carisse, Odile

doi:10.1094/pdis.2003.87.5.573

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…B otrytis leaf blight caused by B. squamosa (Walker, 1925) is an important foliar disease of onion in temperate regions around the world (Lacy and Pontius, 1983; Lorbeer, 1992; Lorbeer et al, 2007; Shoemaker and Lorbeer, 1977; Sutton et al, 1986). BLB is endemic to eastern Canada, New York, and Michigan (Tremblay et al, 2003) and BLB epidemics can occur when moist conditions persist (Lorbeer and Andaloro, 1983; Lorbeer, 1992).…”

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“…Due to the progression of BLB once established, fungicides are used as preventatives, with sprays applied when weather conditions favoring the pathogen are predicted. In the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, spraying occurs 6 to 14 times per season (Carisse et al, 2008; Lacy and Pontius, 1983; Tremblay et al, 2003). In New York, onion production ranks the highest in pesticide use among vegetable crops (Anonymous, 1999).…”

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“…Onions are mostly grown on muck soil in New York and eastern Canada, of which limited acreage is available. Therefore, crop rotation, a significant tool for reducing disease pressure, is usually not practiced in large‐scale onion production (Tremblay et al, 2003). The development of fungicide resistant strains of B. squamosa is becoming a major concern because of this lack of crop rotation, coupled with the high level of fungicide use (Tremblay et al, 2003).…”

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“…Therefore, crop rotation, a significant tool for reducing disease pressure, is usually not practiced in large‐scale onion production (Tremblay et al, 2003). The development of fungicide resistant strains of B. squamosa is becoming a major concern because of this lack of crop rotation, coupled with the high level of fungicide use (Tremblay et al, 2003). Incidents of strains resistant to iprodione and vinclozin (two forms of ethylene bis‐dithiocarbamates) have been detected in the laboratory (Tremblay et al, 2003) and strains resistant to dicarboximides have been isolated in fields in Quebec, Canada (Carisse and Tremblay, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The development of fungicide resistant strains of B. squamosa is becoming a major concern because of this lack of crop rotation, coupled with the high level of fungicide use (Tremblay et al, 2003). Incidents of strains resistant to iprodione and vinclozin (two forms of ethylene bis‐dithiocarbamates) have been detected in the laboratory (Tremblay et al, 2003) and strains resistant to dicarboximides have been isolated in fields in Quebec, Canada (Carisse and Tremblay, 2007). It can be expected that overuse of fungicides will cause more fungicide‐resistant strains to develop (Tremblay et al, 2003), especially in New York where the perfect stage has been identified (Ellerbrock and Lorbeer, 1977a).…”

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Evaluation of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Lines and Hybrids Possessing Bs1 for Resistance against Multiple Isolates of Botrytis squamosa

et al. 2015

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Onion (Allium cepa L.) lines resistant to Botrytis leaf blight (BLB) were produced by backcrossing the Bs1 BLB resistance of Allium roylei Stearn into cultivated onion. This study evaluated important issues for the commercial use of BLB‐resistant onions: the relative degree of BLB control possible when Bs1 is homozygous rather than heterozygous, the control achieved against multiple pathogen isolates, and the potential for negative traits associated with transfer of Bs1. Homozygous BLB‐resistant onions tested in inoculated growth chamber screens with five distinct Botrytis squamosa Walker isolates and in naturally infested regional field trials showed significantly lower BLB symptoms than susceptible commercial hybrid controls. F1 hybrids heterozygous for the Bs1 gene showed levels of BLB symptoms between those of the homozygous resistant and susceptible controls, confirming previous reports of partial dominance. The difference in BLB control in plants heterozygous for Bs1 compared with homozygous plants was more noticeable under heavier disease pressure. Hybrids heterozygous for Bs1 had similar level of BLB control in most of the field trials as their parental homozygous BLB‐resistant lines, indicating that either heterozygous or homozygous BLB resistant hybrids could be used commercially for BLB control. There were no differences in the degree of pathogenicity across the five B. squamosa isolates, which were genetically different based on polymorphism for DNA markers, or among the naturally occurring pathogens present at the six different field locations used. No obvious association was noted between presence of the Bs1 resistance gene with unfavorable characteristics such as reduced bulb size or yield.

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Evaluation of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Lines and Hybrids Possessing Bs1 for Resistance against Multiple Isolates of Botrytis squamosa

et al. 2015

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Fungicide smoke generated by electrical heating effectively controls gray mold of Chinese chives and reduces residue risk through adequate environmental sterilization

Gao

Shi

Luan

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Labor-saving pesticide application technology is eagerly pursued in the planting system of Chinese chives. In this study, we developed a set of application approaches by turning fungicides into smoke to achieve this goal. RESULTS:The fungicides fludioxonil, fluopyram, boscalid, procymidone, and prochloraz could be vaporized into smoke at temperatures below 300 °C. The SFR (smoke formation rate) decreased with the increasing temperature. At 300 °C, the SFR of fludioxonil, fluopyram, boscalid and procymidone were all higher than 80%. At 300 °C and 600 °C, there were no significant differences in the smoke particle state of these five fungicides. However, the inhibition rate of these five fungicides against the growth of Botrytis squamosa generally decreased with the temperature. At 600 °C, only fludioxonil and boscalid had inhibition rates higher than 80%. The deposition uniformity of fungicide smoke increased with the increasing amounts of NH 4 Cl. When the amount of NH 4 Cl reached 80% of the total content, the smoke of fungicide was uniformly deposited throughout each glass slide. In the greenhouse experiment, the control efficacy of fungicide application by smoke was significantly better than that of spraying application, whereas its residue was much lower.CONCLUSION: It is feasible to control air-borne disease through the vaporization of fungicides into smoke by electrical heating. Smoke application would effectively inhibit the spores in the air and would not increase the humidity of the environment. These findings indicate that smoke application is a labor-saving pesticide application technology viable in production.

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