Sensitivity and desensitization of liquid nitrate esters

Kayser, Eleonore G.; Boyars, Carl

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(71)80060-3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In general, chemical stability is decreased in secondary nitrate esters (ETN) relative to primary nitrate esters (PETN), and critical temperatures for thermal decomposition are lower for molecules with secondary nitrate esters . However, activation energies for decomposition are essentially the same for primary and secondary nitrate esters, and sensitivities of liquids containing nitrate esters are independent of primary or secondary nitrate groups . Therefore, the higher handling sensitivity of ETN is likely due to crystal packing or other chemical factors such as the slightly positive oxygen balance of ETN versus the slightly negative oxygen balance of PETN.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 However, activation energies for decomposition are essentially the same for primary and secondary nitrate esters, 5 and sensitivities of liquids containing nitrate esters are independent of primary or secondary nitrate groups. 19 Therefore, the higher handling sensitivity of ETN is likely due to crystal packing or other chemical factors such as the slightly positive oxygen balance of ETN versus the slightly negative oxygen balance of PETN.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal Structure, Packing Analysis, and Structural-Sensitivity Correlations of Erythritol Tetranitrate

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Tappan

Scott

et al. 2014

Crystal Growth & Design

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The explosive erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) has been known since 1849 and has applications as a vasodilator; however, little is known about its structure and bonding. Here we present the X-ray crystal structure of erythritol tetranitrate (ETN), along with characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Crystal packing and morphology are discussed in relation to explosive handling sensitivity (impact, spark, and friction testing). We compare the structure and property relationship to a closely related common nitrate ester, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Structure, Packing Analysis, and Structural-Sensitivity Correlations of Erythritol Tetranitrate

Manner

Tappan

Scott

et al. 2014

Crystal Growth & Design

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show abstract

Relation entre La Structure Electronique et la Sensibilité au Choc des Explosifs Secondaires Nitrés. Critère Moléculaire de Sensibilité II. Cas des esters nitriques

Delpuech

Cherville

1979

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Dans cet article, nous avons étendu aux esters nitriques l'étude de la relation entre structure électronique et sensibilité au choc, déjà effectuée sur les nitroaromatiques et les nitramines. On y vérifie la validité du critère moléculaire de sensibilité au choc précédemment établi. Ce travail permet, en outre, de proposer une échelle de sensibilité au choc englobant les explosifs organiques des primaires aux secondaires les moins sensibles.

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Sensitivity and desensitization of liquid nitrate esters

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Crystal Structure, Packing Analysis, and Structural-Sensitivity Correlations of Erythritol Tetranitrate

Crystal Structure, Packing Analysis, and Structural-Sensitivity Correlations of Erythritol Tetranitrate

Relation entre La Structure Electronique et la Sensibilité au Choc des Explosifs Secondaires Nitrés. Critère Moléculaire de Sensibilité II. Cas des esters nitriques

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