Sensitive structural motifs separately distributed in azide-based 3D EMOFs: a primary explosive with an excellent initiation ability and enhanced stability

Abstract

Azide-based energetic metal−organic frameworks (EMOFs) with remarkable initiation capability can be expected to replace lead-based primers (lead azide, LA; lead styphnate, LS). However, most of them are not stable enough...

Efficient Synthesis of Nanoscale Cadmium Azide from Intercalated Cadmium Hydroxide for Nanoexplosive Applications

“…Traditional primary explosives represented by lead azide (LA) and lead styphnate (LS) fail to satisfy the requirements for the charge of microinitiating devices because of the limitation of their ordinary detonation ability, unsatisfactory sensitivity performance, and mismatched particle size with micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). − Fortunately, nanosized primary explosives with large specific surface areas, multiple active sites, and fast energy release rates are expected to applicate in microinitiating devices. − Therefore, nanoscale copper azide (CA) is considered the most promising primary explosive for microinitiating devices due to its excellent detonation ability and environmental friendliness. However, CA’s ultrahigh electrostatic sensitivity and poor high-temperature resistance limit its practical application. ,− Although many researchers have prepared modified CA by doping conductive materials, the most effective modified composite material only can endure 9 mJ of electrostatic energy, indicating a high-security risk. ,,− Besides, both CA and its modified products will decompose rapidly around 200 °C and lose their detonation ability, detonating the secondary explosives unreliably, ,− while high-temperature environments generally exist in the military and civilian fields. − Therefore, it has become an urgent demand to develop a nanoscale primary explosive with excellent detonation, appropriate sensitivity, and outstanding high-temperature resistance to adapt to the development of microinitiating devices.…”

Preparation of multi-functional type coordination compounds: spanning the quantitative restriction of oxidizing groups

“…These forms of energy include light, heat, gas, and detonation waves. 4 These "dense contacts" can be physical contacts, such as mixing at the micron or nanometer level 5,6 or chemical contacts such as the assembly of oxidant and reductant at the molecular level. 7,8 Primary explosive is an important member of EMs and the basis of the whole explosion sequence.…”

Study on Primary Explosive: Cu(ClO4)2-Based Energetic Coordination Compounds as a Template

“…4,5 Among them, energetic coordination compounds (ECCs) have entered the perspective of researchers due to their unique structure and performance advantages. 6 Because of its simple preparation, good performance, easy amplification, and high purity, it is favored by researchers, and Klapoẗke has made outstanding contributions in this regard. 7−9 Among the new EMs, the concept of "nitrogen rich" has made remarkable achievements.…”

“…and releases huge energy (such as heat, detonation wave) in a very short time . With the deepening of research, multidisciplinary development, and new requirements, more and more new materials have been used in primary explosives. , Among them, energetic coordination compounds (ECCs) have entered the perspective of researchers due to their unique structure and performance advantages . Because of its simple preparation, good performance, easy amplification, and high purity, it is favored by researchers, and Klapötke has made outstanding contributions in this regard. − …”