Sensitive and Simple Competitive Biomimetic Nanozyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Colorimetric and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing of Triazophos

Abstract

The biomimetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BELISA) is widely used for detection of small-molecule compounds as a result of low cost and reagent stability of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). However, enzyme labels used in BELISA still suffer some drawbacks, such as high production cost and limited stability. To overcome the drawbacks, a biomimetic nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BNLISA) based on MIPs and nanozyme labels was first proposed. For nanozyme labels, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) acted as peroxidase by catalyzing the oxidation of colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into an ideal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) marker. Blue TMB2+ and bovine serum albumin (BSA)–hapten showed superior selectivity when competing with targets for binding sites on MIPs, named the Pt@BSA–hapten probe. The BNLISA method was employed to detect triazophos with a limit of detection of 1 ng mL–1 via colorimetric and SERS methods. Replacing traditional enzymes with nanozymes for combination with MIPs may bring about a new prospect for other compound analyses.

Preparation of Hydrophobic Film by Electrospinning for Rapid SERS Detection of Trace Triazophos

“…Various methods for detection of triazophos have been explored, including HPLC [ 39 ], enzyme-based electrochemistry [ 40 ], and GC [ 41 ], but such methods suffer from tedious sample pretreatment and require well-experienced technicians. Yan et al set up a triazophos colorimetric and SERS method via proposing a biomimetic nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay together with a molecular imprints technique [ 42 ], but the synthesis method of such substrate was complicated and time-consuming.…”

Fluorescence-Based Sensing of Pesticides Using Supramolecular Chemistry

“…Metal-containing organic polymers, or organometallic polymers (Nguyen et al, 2018), have a long history for use in sensing (Kumar et al, 2020a), optoelectronics (Onge et al, 2020), and catalysis (Joshi et al, 2020). They have been used as sensors for a variety of analytes (Xu et al, 2017), including pesticides, using a range of transduction mechanisms, including electrochemical (Wang et al, 2020g), colorimetric (Scarano et al, 2019), and Raman spectroscopybased detection (Yan et al, 2019).…”

Molecular Imprinting on Nanozymes for Sensing Applications

“…In bioanalytical chemistry, the use of immunoassays is widespread, and the ELISA is considered the gold standard in many applications, owing to the highly sensitive detection [ 93 ]. Nonetheless, the research on biomimetic alternatives is very attractive, namely, for reducing production costs and enhancing the reagent stability.…”