“…Initial PCR primers were developed before large numbers of ITS sequences were available and primers and probes developed from ITS2 sequences may show a wider specificity to the “palm clade” species ( G. boninense , G. ryvardenii and G. zonatum ) due to the greater conservation in this region (Fryssouli et al, 2020). More recently, further molecular diagnostics have been developed based on alternative genes and short probes, but these have largely been confined to laboratory studies (e.g., Akul, Kumar, & Chong, 2018; Rani et al, 2020).…”