Sense and Censorship in the Islamic Republic of Iran

Atwood, Blake

doi:10.7588/worllitetoda.86.3.0038

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…An example of this is the persuasive argument by the Tailors that Richard must wear elegant military uniforms in order to impress the people and also to hide his true intentions. It is also essential to note that Naeemi's adaptation of Richard III, particularly in an era in Iranian history that is characterized by the re-imposition of US sanctions against Iran and the isolation of the country in this respect, as well as the failed domestic policies on currency value and economy, can be regarded as a skillful evasion from blame and official theater censorship (Atwood, 2012). This intertextual maneuver, in fact, draws attention to Shakespeare's play, and the criticism that the adaptation provokes pointing to the Elizabethan era.…”

Section: Richard: the Will To Deceive Improvise And Killmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Shakespeare’sRichard III: A political reading of Hamid-Reza Naeemi’sRichard

Farhadi

2020

Cogent Arts & Humanities

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Since the introduction of Shakespeare to Iranians in the late nineteenth century through stage productions, his work has been positively received and many of the plays have also been adapted in Persian literature and theater. In contemporary Iranian drama numbers of adaptations of canonical works of Western literature, including Shakespeare, have increased substantially, largely because they offer an ideal platform for reflecting on sociocultural and political problems of present-day Iran. A daring playwright, Hamid-Reza Naeemi, whose theater shows a strong inclination to adapting Western masterpieces, adapts Shakespeare's Richard III (ca. 1593) in his modernized reworking of the play entitled Richard, in order to express disapproval of undemocratic government system and thorny sociopolitical issues in modern Iran, particularly the era of the Pahlavi State (-1925-79). Through intertextual analysis and adaptation theory formulated by Linda Hutcheon, this study analyzes how Shakespeare's tragic drama has been adapted by Naeemi to shape his dissident discourse to critique the state power and restriction of freedom in the above play. It also recontextualizes and analyzes Shakespeare's tragic theme of the rise and fall of a tyrant in Naeemi's reflection of the overthrow of the Pahlavi Dynasty in winter 1979.

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Section: Richard: the Will To Deceive Improvise And Killmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting Shakespeare’sRichard III: A political reading of Hamid-Reza Naeemi’sRichard

Farhadi

2020

Cogent Arts & Humanities

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Digital protectionism and national planning in the age of the internet: the case of Iran

Yalcintas

Alizadeh

2020

Journal of Institutional Economics

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AbstractWhat do regulations in the developing world tell us about the internet economy? In this paper, we argue that the ways in which developing nation states adjust to and legislate the internet depends upon whether they possess a national planning strategy for international data traffic. Focusing our attention on the global trade of intangible goods in Iran, we aim to demonstrate that digital protectionism causes, to varying degrees, suppression, censorship, and the violation of freedom of speech and other civil rights on the internet. Our results show that digital protectionism generated an emergence of domestic start-ups, with companies, such as Facenema and Soroush, operating in the Iranian market in the absence of global rivals such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Yet, digital protectionism and sanction-induced barriers have triggered social problems, besides the emergence of parastatals, securing the economy to an inefficient social and economic path towards digital development.

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