Senescence in field-grown maize: From flowering to harvest

Escobar‐Gutiérrez, Abraham J.; Combe, Laurette

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.04.013

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…As the ratio of variable to maximal fluorescence, Fv/Fm defines the efficiency of excitation energy capture in darkadapted leaves (Escobar-Gutiérrez and Combe, 2012). By analyzing the change of chlorophyll fluorescence can understand the influence of environmental factors on the crops (Jiang et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Planting Patterns Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat under Deficit Irrigation

Han¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

2016

IJAB

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Different cultivation patterns affect the grain yields of winter wheat by regulating growth and development. In this study, the growth of wheat was observed for two years (2008-2009 and 2009-2010). We established three cultivation patterns: 25 cm uniform row planting pattern; "20 cm + 40 cm" wide-narrow row planting pattern (wide-narrow row spacing is 40 cm and 20 cm respectively); and "20 cm + 40 cm" furrow planting pattern (double lines in the furrow with 20 cm spacing, 40 cm between furrows, and ridge height of 15 cm). Three irrigation treatments viz. 90, 135 and 180 mm were established. Results showed that furrow planting pattern improved the ratio of variable over maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm).With increasing irrigation amount, Fv/Fm increased, the amplification declined, and the net photosynthetic rate in flag leaves increased. However, such effect was not obvious beyond the irrigation range stipulated. Therefore, we recommend the furrow planting pattern, which resulted in stable yield and 135 mm deficit irrigation as optimum considering the water shortage in the area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Planting Patterns Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat under Deficit Irrigation

Han¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

2016

IJAB

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“…Further research on variations in such indices and establishment of index-based dynamic models is necessary to monitor the nutrition of late crops and for dynamic diagnosis [31,44]. We attempted to solve this problem by establishing NDSI L3,4 change curves for a high-yield target, thus slightly higher than that of the high-yield rice cultivars grown Yangtze River Reaches [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Chlorophyll-Meter-Index-Based Dynamic Models for Evaluation of High-Yield Japonica Rice Production in Yangtze River Reaches

et al. 2019

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Accurate estimation of the nitrogen (N) spatial distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is imperative when it is sought to maintain regional and global carbon balances. We systematically evaluated the normalized differences of the soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) index (the normalized difference SPAD indexes, NDSIs) between the upper (the first and second leaves from the top), and lower (the third and fourth leaves from the top) leaves of Japonica rice. Four multi-location, multi-N rate (0–390 kg ha−1) field experiments were conducted using seven Japonica rice cultivars (9915, 27123, Wuxiangjing14, Wunyunjing19, Wunyunjing24, Liangyou9, and Yongyou8). Growth analyses were performed at different growth stages ranging from tillering (TI) to the ripening period (RP). We measured leaf N concentration (LNC), the N nutrition index (NNI), the NDSI, and rice grain yield at maturity. The relationships among the NDSI, LNC, and NNI at different growth stages showed that the NDSI values of the third and fourth fully expanded leaves more reliably reflected the N nutritional status than those of the first and second fully expanded leaves (LNC: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.81; NDSIothers, 0.77 > R2 > 0.06; NNI: NDSIL3,4, R2 > 0.83; NDSIothers, 0.76 > R2 > 0.07; all p < 0.01). Two new diagnostic models based on the NDSIL3,4 (from the tillering to the ripening period) can be used for effective diagnosis of the LNC and NNI, which exhibited reasonable distributions of residuals (LNC: relative root mean square error (RRMSE) = 0.0683; NNI: RRMSE = 0.0688; p < 0.01). The relationship between grain yield, predicted yield, and NDSIL3,4 were established during critical growth stages (from the stem elongation to the heading stages; R2 = 0.53, p < 0.01, RRMSE = 0.106). An NDSIL3,4 high-yield change curve was drawn to describe critical NDSIL3,4 values for a high-yield target (10.28 t ha−1). Furthermore, dynamic-critical curve models based on the NDSIL3,4 allowed a precise description of rice N status, facilitating the timing of fertilization decisions to optimize yields in the intensive rice cropping systems of eastern China.

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“…The Pn was measured in the morning using a portable open flow gas exchange system (LI-6400XT Photosynthesis system, LI-COR Inc., United States), from the top and middle position of three leaves selected from each sampled plant for each plot. The two positions (top and middle) were chosen in order to ascertain the area of high concentration of active physiological processes [30]. Prior to the measurements, the leaves were acclimatized in a chamber with a reference CO 2 concentration fixed at 400 µmol CO 2 mol −1 air.…”

Section: Leaf Photosynthesis Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Balance under Organic Amendments in the Wheat-Maize Cropping Systems of Sloppy Upland Soil

et al. 2020

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With an increasing interest in closing the nutrient loop in agroecosystems, organic amendments are highly recommended as a reliable resource for soil nutrient recycling. However, from a carbon sequestration perspective, not much has been reported on the contribution of different organic amendments to soil organic carbon (SOC), crop carbon (C) uptake, and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in wheat-maize cropping systems of sloppy upland soil. To fill the knowledge gap, a two-year lysimeter-field plots experiment was conducted in a sloppy upland purplish soil under wheat-maize cropping systems. The experiments were arranged in a complete random block design with five treatment plots, namely; fresh pig slurry as organic manure (OM), crop residues (CR), conventional mineral fertilizers (NPK) as the control, organic manure plus mineral fertilizers (OMNPK), and crop residues plus mineral fertilizers (CRNPK). Our results showed the leaf photosynthesis rate was not significantly increased by organic amendment application treatments compared to NPK treatment, and was within a range of 4.8 to 45.3 µmol m−2 s−1 for the wheat season and −20.1 to 40.4 µmol m−2 s−1 for the maize season across the five treatments and the measured growth stages. The soil CO2 emissions for the maize season (in the range of 203 to 362 g C m−2) were higher than for the wheat season (in the range of 118 to 252 g C m−2) on average across the different experimental treatments over the two-year experiment. The organic amendment application increased annual cumulative CO2 emissions from 30% to 51% compared to NPK treatment. Over the two years, the average crop C uptake ranged from 174 to 378 g C m−2 and from 287 to 488 g C m−2 for the wheat and maize seasons, respectively, and the organic amendment application increased the crop C uptake by 4% to 23% compared to NPK treatment. In the organic amendment treatments, the C balance ranged from −160 to 460 g C m−2 and from −301 to 334 g C m−2 for the wheat and the maize seasons, respectively, which were greater than those in the NPK treatment. Overall, the present study results suggest incorporation of organic amendments could be an effective strategy for increasing C sequestration and sustaining crop productivity in sloppy upland soil.

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Senescence in field-grown maize: From flowering to harvest

Cited by 42 publications

References 57 publications

Precision Planting Patterns Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat under Deficit Irrigation

Precision Planting Patterns Effect on Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat under Deficit Irrigation

Development of Chlorophyll-Meter-Index-Based Dynamic Models for Evaluation of High-Yield Japonica Rice Production in Yangtze River Reaches

Carbon Balance under Organic Amendments in the Wheat-Maize Cropping Systems of Sloppy Upland Soil

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