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Abstract

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) caused by the pathogenic bacterium, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, results in economic loss in goat farming. Its prevalence in Brazilian herds varies from 5 to 50%, generating expenses with treatment, loss in production, carcass and organ condemnation, and reduced price of the hide. This study aimed to describe the distribution of lesions and quantify the loss associated with CLA in goat breeding due to condemnation in a slaughterhouse located in a semiarid region. The study was conducted at the municipal slaughterhouse of the city of Patos, State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, where goats from this intermediate geographical region are slaughtered. In 2017, 3,662 animals were slaughtered, an average of 305 per month. During the study period, from March to August 2017, 304 goats of both sexes and different ages of undefined breed were assessed. In the ante-mortem examination, inspection and palpation of the superficial lymph nodes was done; in the post-mortem examination, organ and viscera were assessed. The caseous material collected was sent for microbiological analysis. Of the 304 individuals, 227 [74.67% (95% CI: 69.50-79.23)] did not have any lesions, while 77 [25.33% (95% CI: 20.77-30.50)] showed abscesses suggestive of CLA, which was confirmed in 65 goats [84.41% (95% CI: 76.30-92.50)]. Sex (P = 0.044) and age (P = 0.002) were associated with infection. While the sex of the animals affected carcass and viscera weights and carcass yield, their age affected live weight, carcass, organ, and viscera weights; conversely, the incidence of CLA did not affect these variables. The average price in Real (R$) of a kilogram (kg) of goat meat cuts and "offal" was used to calculate the economic loss. Considering the average carcass weight (11,485 kg), organ weight (1,085 kg), and viscera weight (2,013 kg), 4,433.232 kg of meat was produced, resulting in R$ 72,945.43. The condemnations resulted in the loss of 269.894 kg, which is equivalent to R$ 4,540.33. CLA is responsible for a negative impact of 6.09% on production. Implementing control measures for this disease is important to increase the financial return in goat farming.

Pilot study on the distribution of caseous lymphadenitis in Korean native goats and the relationship between sex and age in disease occurrence

“…The distribution of CLA at the farm level was 56.36%, suggesting that more than half of the farms had at least one CLA-positive goat. Epidemiological studies in other countries that performed clinical examinations to identify CLA prevalence included studies in Brazil (25.33%) ( 22 ), Egypt (11.04%) ( 15 ), two separate studies in Ethiopia (18.80 and 15.00%) ( 8 , 16 ), and India (4.38%) ( 23 ). The differences in CLA prevalence between different studies may be attributed to the variation in management systems and climatic conditions in each study, as the viability of the causative organism in the contaminated environment is greatly affected by ambient temperature.…”

“…They may also be attributed to the endemic nature of the disease, which leads to variations in animal immunity and degree of animal susceptibility ( 15 ). Furthermore, variations in the use of different diagnostic tools for determining CLA may contribute to differences in CLA prevalence among different countries ( 8 , 16 , 22 ). In the present study, CLA lesions were detected through direct examination of the carcass, and the etiology of the lesions was confirmed using PCR.…”

“…The distribution of CLA in female KNGs was considerably high compared to that in others. This may be because most females were older, and a longer duration of stay might make them more susceptible to CLA, which explains the higher distribution ( 22 ). Our data showed that the female population was large during the adult and late adult stages, and small at young ages.…”

Hiperplasia mamária felina: uma revisão de literatura

“…Apesar da caprinocultura ser uma atividade econômica de grande importância do agronegócio brasileiro, principalmente em localidades onde há grande presença de pequenos produtores, ainda há falta de adoção de tecnologias (SAMPAIO et al, 2009). Aliado a este fator, observa-se um manejo sanitário deficitário, o que acaba contribuindo para uma baixa produtividade, tendo em vista a disseminação de algumas doenças que prejudicam a cadeia de produção (BARNABÉ et al, 2020).…”

In silico analyses and design of a chimeric protein containing epitopes of SpaC, PknG, NanH, and SodC proteins for the control of caseous lymphadenitis

“…In Australia, where financial losses related to this disease have been extensively studied, CLA causes an estimated annual loss of $12-$15 million to the meat industry and approximately a $17 million annual loss in wool production (Osman et al 2018). In Brazil, data from a study aiming at determining the negative impact of CLA in a slaughterhouse revealed economic losses of 6.09% on goat production (Barnabé et al 2020). Currently, commercially available vaccines for Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis demonstrate limited efficacy and do not provide effective protection against CLA.…”