Semiannual variation in the heterosphere: A reappraisal

Jacchia, L. G.

doi:10.1029/ja076i019p04602

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Paetzold and Zschorner observed a global density variation from analysis of satellite drag data, which showed a 6-month periodicity maximum occurring in April and October, and minimum occurring in January and July. Many authors, such as King-Hele and Hingston (1968), Cook (1969), and Jacchia (1966Jacchia ( , 1971aJacchia ( , 1977, analyzed the semiannual effect from satellite drag during the 1960s and early 1970s. They found that the semiannual variation was a worldwide effect, with the times of the yearly maximum and minimum occurring independent of height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermospheric semiannual density response to solar EUV heating

Bowman

Tobiska

Kendra

2008

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The thermospheric semiannual density response to solar EUV heating

Bowman

Tobiska

Kendra

2008

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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“…Jacchia (1965) represented annual/semiannual density variation with temperature functions in his 1965 thermospheric empirical density model (J65). Jacchia (1971) then revised the J65 model approach, and represented annual/semiannual variation in the density formula with amplitude as a function of height. The MSIS series of models (Hedin 1991;Picone et al 2002) represent annual/semiannual density variation with a combined contribution from temperature and composition variation.…”

Section: Annual/semiannual Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

2011

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Neutral density shows complicated temporal and spatial variations driven by external forcing of the thermosphere/ionosphere system, internal dynamics, and thermosphere and ionosphere coupling. Temporal variations include abrupt changes with a time scale of minutes to hours, diurnal variation, multi-day variation, solar-rotational variation, annual/semiannual variation, solar-cycle variation, and long-term trends with a time scale of decades. Spatial variations include latitudinal and longitudinal variations, as well as variation with altitude. Atmospheric drag on satellites varies strongly as a function of thermospheric mass density. Errors in estimating density cause orbit prediction error, and impact satellite operations including accurate catalog maintenance, collision avoidance for manned and unmanned space flight, and re-entry prediction. In this paper, we summarize and discuss these density variations, their magnitudes, and their forcing mechanisms, using neutral density data sets and modeling results. The neutral density data sets include neutral density observed by the accelerometers onboard the Challenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP), neutral density at satellite perigees, and global-mean neutral density derived from thousands of orbiting objects. Modeling results are from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM), and from the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model.

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“…They found that the density variation has a 6-month periodicity, with maximum occurring in April/October and minimum occurring in January/July. Jacchia (1966Jacchia ( , 1971 represented the seasonal variations of thermospheirc mass density through temperature functions, with amplitude as a function of height. Since then, the seasonal variations, particularly the annual and semiannual oscillations in the thermospheric mass density, have been widely studied and considered in the empirical models (Volland et al, 1973;Hedin et al, 1983Hedin et al, , 1987Fuller-Rowell et al, 1998;Picone et al, 2002;Bowman, 2004;Bowman et al, 2008a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of thermospheric mass density at dawn/dusk from GOCE observations

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Thermospheric mass densities from the GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) satellite for Sun-synchronous orbits between 83.5 • S and 83.5 • N, normalized to 270 km during 2009-2013, have been used to develop an empirical mass density model at dawn/dusk local solar time (LST) sectors based on the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) method. The main results of this study are that (1) the dawn densities peak in the polar regions, but the dusk densities maximize in the equatorial regions; (2) the relative seasonal variations to the annual mean have similar patterns across all latitudes regardless of solar activity conditions; (3) the seasonal density variations show obvious hemispheric asymmetry, with large amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere; (4) both amplitude and phase of the seasonal variations have strong latitudinal and solar activity dependences, with high amplitude for the annual variation at higher latitudes and semiannual variation at lower latitudes; (5) the annual asymmetry and effect of the Sun-Earth distance vary with latitude and solar activity.

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Semiannual variation in the heterosphere: A reappraisal

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

The thermospheric semiannual density response to solar EUV heating

The thermospheric semiannual density response to solar EUV heating

Thermospheric Density: An Overview of Temporal and Spatial Variations

Seasonal variations of thermospheric mass density at dawn/dusk from GOCE observations

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