Semi volatile organic compounds in the snow of Russian Arctic islands: Archipelago Novaya Zemlya

Lebedev, A. T.; Mazur, Dmitrii M.; Polyakova, O. V.; Kosyakov, D. S.; Kozhevnikov, A. Yu.; Latkin, Tomas B.; Yu, I. Andreeva; Artaev, Viatcheslav B.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.009

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Car- bazole is also used in the production of pharmaceuticals (Zawadzka et al, 2015). 2-(Methylmercapto)benzothiazole is a major methylation product of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, a commonly used vulcanisation accelerator in rubber car tires, shoes, cables, rubber gloves and toys (Herrero et al, 2014;Leng and Gries, 2017). Due to the widespread use of rubber products in and around the sampling station, a potential local origin cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Potential Ceacs Without Lratpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air – Part 2: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

et al. 2020

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Abstract. The Norwegian Arctic possesses a unique environment for the detection of new potential chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) due to remoteness, sparse population and the low number of local contamination sources. Hence, a contaminant present in Arctic air is still considered a priority indication for its environmental stability and environmental mobility. Today, legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related conventional environmental pollutants are already well-studied because of their identification as Arctic pollutants in the 1980s. Many of them are implemented and reported in various national and international monitoring activities including the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). These standard monitoring schemes, however, are based on compound-specific quantitative analytical methods. Under such conditions, the possibility for the identification of hitherto unidentified contaminants is limited and random at best. Today, new and advanced technological developments allow a broader, unspecific analytical approach as either targeted multicomponent analysis or suspect and non-target screening strategies. In order to facilitate such a wide range of compounds, a wide-scope sample clean-up method for high-volume air samples based on a combination of adsorbents was applied, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography separation and low-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC × GC-LRMS). During the study reported here, simultaneous non-target and suspect screening were applied. The detection of over 700 compounds of interest in the particle phase and over 1200 compounds in the gaseous phase is reported. Of those, 62 compounds were confirmed with reference standards and 90 compounds with a probable structure (based upon mass spectrometric interpretation and library spectrum comparison). These included compounds already detected in Arctic matrices and compounds not detected previously (see also Fig. 1). In addition, 241 compounds were assigned a tentative structure or compound class. Hitherto unknown halogenated compounds, which are not listed in the mass spectral libraries used, were also detected and partly identified.

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Section: Potential Ceacs Without Lratpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air – Part 2: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

et al. 2020

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“…agriculture, structure treatment), unintended by-products from largescale production lines and primary emission/ releases from products and applications. Some of these organic chemicals are persistent and can migrate over long distances, ultimately reaching remote areas, such as the Arctic (Lebedev et al, 2018;Macdonald et al, 2000;Macdonald et al, 2005;Genualdi et al, 2011;Barrie et al, 1992). An important pathway for long-range transport of persistent organic chemicals is via the atmosphere (Xiao et al, 2012;Genualdi et al, 2011;Hung et al, 2010;MacLeod et al, 2005;Koziol and Pudykiewicz, 2001; Barrie et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

Röhler¹,

Schlabach²,

Haglund³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Norwegian Arctic possess a unique environment for the detection of new potential chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) due to remoteness, sparsely populated and the low number of local contamination sources. Hence, a contaminant present in Arctic air is still considered a priority indication for its environmental stability and environmental mobility. Today, legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related conventional environmental pollutants are already well-studied since their identification as Arctic pollutants in the 1980s. Many of them are implemented and reported in various national and international monitoring activities including the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP). These standard monitoring schemes, however, are based on compound specific quantitative analytical methods. Under such conditions, the possibility for identification of hitherto unidentified contaminants is limited and randomly, at the best. Today, new and advanced technological developments allow a broader, unspecific analytical approach as either targeted multi-component analysis or suspect and non-target screening strategies. In order to facilitate such a wide range of compounds, a wide-scope sample clean-up method for high-volume air samples, based on a combination of adsorbents was applied, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography separation and low-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC&#215;GC-LRMS). During the here reported study, simultaneous non-target and suspect screening were applied. The detection of over 700 compounds of interest in the particle phase and over 1200 compounds in the gaseous phase is reported. Of those, 62 compounds were confirmed with reference standards and 90 compounds with a probable structure (based upon mass spectrometric interpretation and library spectrum comparison). These included compounds already detected in Arctic matrices and compounds not detected previously (see also Figure 1). In addition, 241 compounds were assigned tentative structure or compound class. Hitherto unknown halogenated compounds, which are not listed in the used mass spectral libraries, were also detected and partly identified.</p>

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“…In our studies we repeatedly detect phthalates in the environment, including cloud water 58 and snow from the Arctic islands. 59 Seventeen dialkyl phthalates were detected in the mummy samples, with the usual dominance of dibutyl phthalate and bis…”

Section: Contamination Of the Samplesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry with complementary ionization methods in the study of 5000‐year‐old mummy

Lebedev

Polyakova

Artaev

et al. 2021

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Mummification is one of the defining customs of ancient Egypt. The nuances of the embalming procedure and the composition of the embalming mixtures have attracted the attention of scientists and laypeople for a long time. Modern analytical tools make mummy studies more efficient. Methods Comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry (GCxGC/HRMS) with complementary ionization methods (electron ionization, positive chemical ionization, and electron capture negative ionization [ECNI]) with a Pegasus GC‐HRT+4D instrument was used to identify embalming components in the mummy from the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts acquired in 1913 in London at the de Rustafjaell sale. The mummy dates back to the late Predynastic period (direct accelerator mass spectrometry‐dating 3356–3098 bc), being one of the oldest in the world. Results The results showed the complexity of the embalming mixtures that were already in use 5000 years ago. Several hundred organic compounds were identified in the mummy samples. Various types of hydrocarbons (triterpanes, steranes, isoprenoid, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) prove the presence of petroleum products. Iodinated compounds detected using ECNI define oils of marine origin, whereas esters of palmitic acid indicate the use of beeswax. The nature of the discovered components of conifer tar proves that the preliminary processing of conifer resins involved heating. GCxGC/HRMS also allowed a number of modern contaminants (phthalates, organophosphates, and even DDT) to be identified. Conclusions Application of a powerful GCxGC/HRMS technique with complementary ionization methods allowed significant widening of the range of organic compounds used for mummification that could be identified. The complexity of the embalming mixtures supports the hypothesis of the high social status of the child made on the basis of the preliminary study of the mummy.

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Semi volatile organic compounds in the snow of Russian Arctic islands: Archipelago Novaya Zemlya

Cited by 41 publications

References 40 publications

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air – Part 2: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air – Part 2: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air

Comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry with complementary ionization methods in the study of 5000‐year‐old mummy

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