Semen and Seminal Stains

Pollak, O. J.

doi:10.1097/00005053-194402000-00010

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Male DNA found in the vagina post intercourse could be derived from sperm within ejaculate and/or biological material (e.g. skin derived or saliva derived DNA) on the penis, fingers, tongue or object that entered the vagina [183][184][185][186]. McDonald et al [183] in their study of persistence of male DNA, with no detected spermatozoa after penile and/or digital penetration, obtained Y-STR positive results up to 48 h post alleged offence, however as no samples were taken past the 48 h cut off the authors suggested that male DNA may be detected even later if tested.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA transfer in forensic science: A review

Oorschot

Szkuta

Meakin³

et al. 2019

Forensic Science International: Genetics

215

130

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Understanding the variables impacting DNA transfer, persistence, prevalence and recovery (DNA-TPPR) has become increasingly relevant in investigations of criminal activities to provide opinion on how the DNA of a person of interest became present within the sample collected. This review considers our current knowledge regarding DNA-TPPR to assist casework investigations of criminal activities. There is a growing amount of information available on DNA-TPPR to inform the relative probabilities of the evidence given alternative scenarios relating to the presence or absence of DNA from a specific person in a collected sample of interest. This information should be used where relevant. However, far more research is still required to better understand the variables impacting DNA-TPPR and to generate more accurate probability estimates of generating particular types of profiles in more casework relevant situations. This review explores means of achieving this. It also notes the need for all those interacting with an item of interest to have an awareness of DNA transfer possibilities post criminal activity, to limit the risk of contamination or loss of DNA. Appropriately trained forensic practitioners are best placed to provide opinion and guidance on the interpretation of profiles at the activity level. However, those requested to provide expert opinion on DNA-related activity level issues are often insufficiently trained to do so. We advocate recognition of DNA activity associated expertise to be distinct from expertise associated with the identification of individuals. This is to be supported by dedicated training, competency testing, authorisation, and regular fit for purpose proficiency testing. The possibilities for experts to report on activity-related issues will increase as our knowledge increases through further research, access to relevant data is enhanced, and tools to assist interpretations are better exploited. Improvement opportunities will be achieved sooner, if more laboratories and agencies accept the need to invest in these aspects as well as the training of practitioners.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA transfer in forensic science: A review

Oorschot

Szkuta

Meakin³

et al. 2019

Forensic Science International: Genetics

215

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From the day in 1677 when a medical student named Johann Ham first discovered spermatozoa swimming about in a microscopic field to the present, it has been traditional to identify seminal fluid by finding spermatozoa in the specimen. It has been pointed out [1][2][3][4], however, that conditions exist in which the ejaculate bears no spermatozoa.…”

Section: Reliability Of the Acid Phosphatase Test For The Identificatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of the Acid Phosphatase Test for the Identification of Seminal Fluid

1978

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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From the day in 1677 when a medical student named Johann Ham first discovered spermatozoa swimming about in a microscopic field to the present, it has been traditional to identify seminal fluid by finding spermatozoa in the specimen. It has been pointed out [1-4J, however, that conditions exist in which the ejaculate bears no spermatozoa. Because of this situation, forensic scientists have been searching for a foolproof method of identifying seminal fluid in the absence of spermatozoa.

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“…The mechanism was thought to be cells sloughing off the penis during the act of intercourse or due to the presence of male saliva. Semen from a vasectomized or azoospermic perpetrator would still be expected to contain non-sperm male cells including epithelial cells from the ejaculatory duct and urethra [4]. Further research has shown that male epithelial cells can be detected in vaginal samples taken following sexual intercourse with a vasectomized man [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%