SEM Morphologies of a Water-Soluble Terpolymer with Vinyl Biphenyl in Aqueous and Brine Solutions

Zhong, Chuanrong; Luo, Peng; Jiang, Liufeng

doi:10.1007/s10953-010-9506-0

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…To observe a phase separation, the terpolymer AM‐NaAA‐DNDA was dissolved in the degassed and distilled water as a solution (wt% = 300 mg/L) 26, 27. The scanning electron microscope images were made by S‐3000 N SEM (Hitachi, Japan).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water‐soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and properties as EOR chemical

Lai

Dong

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A water-soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating terpolymer for polymer flooding was successfully synthesized via free radical polymerization using acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), and N,N-divinylnonadeca-1,10-dien-2-amine (DNDA) as raw materials. The terpolymer was characterized by IR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectra. Compared with partially hydrolyzed polyacryamide (HPAM), the terpolymer showed a stronger link and better dimensional network structure under the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results of rheology indicated that the terpolymer (AM-NaAA-DNDA) showed an excellent shear-resistance in high shear rate (1000 s À1 ) and remarkable temperature-tolerance (above 110 C). The salt-resisting experiment revealed that this terpolymer had a better anti-salt ability. According to the core flooding test, it could be obtained that oil recovery was enhanced more than 15% under conditions of 2000 mg/L terpolymer in the mineralization of 8000 mg/L at 60 C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water‐soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and properties as EOR chemical

Lai

Dong

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Our previous research work found that the apparent viscosity was only 135 mPa s for a PAAP solution with 1.0 g dL −1 NaCl. Moreover, the polymer chains of PAAP were greatly coiled and small compact aggregates were formed in 1.5 g dL −1 NaCl [20]. However, the polymer chains in the PAVA brine solution were more extended, which was determined by the follow fluorescent probe measurement.…”

Section: Influence Of Polymer Concentration On Solution Viscositiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For example, the apparent viscosities were respectively 1734 mPa s and 176 mPa s for 0.2 g dL −1 poly[AM/vinyl biphenyl/NaAMPS] (PAAP) in water and a 0.5 g dL −1 NaCl solution (measurement condition: 25 • C and 7.34 s −1 ). The viscosity retention ratio was only 10.1% in the brine solution(20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Thickening and Associating Behavior in Aqueous Solutions of a Terpolymer with Poly(ethylene oxide) Side Chains

Zhong

Cai

Rao

2012

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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A water-soluble terpolymer (PAVA) was synthesized by aqueous free radical copolymerization technique using acrylamide(AM), sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulphonate (NaAMPS) and a macromonomer: p-vinylbenzyl-terminated octylphenoxy poly(ethylene oxide) (VPEO, degree of polymerization: 10). The remarkable intermolecular hydrophobic associations were formed in water and a brine solution for this polymer, which resulted in a good thickening effect, resistance to salt and salt-thickening. The hydrophobically associating microstructures of PAVA in aqueous solutions were measured by the fluorescent probe and scanning electron microscope. As polymer concentration was increased in water and brine solutions, the associating strength and non-polarity of hydrophobic microdomains increased remarkably. However, at the polymer concentrations higher than 0.20 g/dL, the non-polarity of hydrophobic microdomains tended to remain constant, and the I 1 /I 3 value changed slightly in 0.5 g/dL NaCl. The continuous associating structures were formed by the expanded polymer chains in brine solutions, as well as in water. As the NaCl concentration increased, the non-polarity of associating microstructures increased slowly, but the compact degree of these microstructures increased.

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“…This shear behavior is just as the oil-flooding polymers, which flow through varied pores and pore throats in the oil reservoirs, are expected. However, with the addition of salt at the polymer concentrations lower than 0.2 g=dL, the linear polymer chains without long side chains are greatly coiled and the solution viscosities reduced sharply because of the shielding of charges (Gouveia et al, 2008;Zhong et al, , 2010b. Moreover, as the salinities are higher than 8 g=dL, the polymers precipitated from brine solutions and the phase separation occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity Behavior and Associated Morphologies of a Branched Acrylamide-Based Terpolymer in Water and Brine Solutions

Zhong

Chen

Jiang

2014

Chemical Engineering Communications

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A water-soluble terpolymer, PAAB, was copolymerized using acrylamide (AM), sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonate (NaAMPS), and a novel macro-monomer, p-vinylbenzyl-terminated octylphenoxy poly(ethylene oxide) (VBE, polymerization degree: 24). This polymer exhibited associating effect and good thickening properties in unsalted and brine solutions, and the effect of salt on apparent viscosity was much weaker than that of the linear associating polymers only containing small hydrophobic monomers. Its brine solution exhibited salt-thickening behavior twice and good resistances to heat because of the incorporation of the functional poly(ethylene oxide) side chains. The PAAB aqueous and brine solutions also displayed obvious shear thickening behavior upon repetitious three-shear cycles. It was found by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) that the polymer chains were extended and large associated structures were formed in brine solutions as well as in water at the PAAB concentrations of 0.05-0.15 g=dL.

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SEM Morphologies of a Water-Soluble Terpolymer with Vinyl Biphenyl in Aqueous and Brine Solutions

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

A water‐soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and properties as EOR chemical

A water‐soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and properties as EOR chemical

Thickening and Associating Behavior in Aqueous Solutions of a Terpolymer with Poly(ethylene oxide) Side Chains

Viscosity Behavior and Associated Morphologies of a Branched Acrylamide-Based Terpolymer in Water and Brine Solutions

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