A water‐soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and properties as EOR chemical

Abstract

A water-soluble acrylamide hydrophobically associating terpolymer for polymer flooding was successfully synthesized via free radical polymerization using acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), and N,N-divinylnonadeca-1,10-dien-2-amine (DNDA) as raw materials. The terpolymer was characterized by IR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectra. Compared with partially hydrolyzed polyacryamide (HPAM), the terpolymer showed a stronger link and better dimensional network structure under the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results of rheology indicated that the terpolymer (AM-NaAA-DNDA) showed an excellent shear-resistance in high shear rate (1000 s À1 ) and remarkable temperature-tolerance (above 110 C). The salt-resisting experiment revealed that this terpolymer had a better anti-salt ability. According to the core flooding test, it could be obtained that oil recovery was enhanced more than 15% under conditions of 2000 mg/L terpolymer in the mineralization of 8000 mg/L at 60 C.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Property Evaluation of a Hydrophobically Modified Polyacrylamide as Enhanced Oil Recovery Chemical

“…The salt resistance was investigated by using 1000 mg/L of ANOB solution at 25 °C compared with HPAM. It can be found that the viscosity of HPAM solution tends to drop linearly with the increase of NaCl concentration (Figure 7), as reported by others [1,10] . For ANOB, the solution viscosity quickly decreases with increasing NaCl concentration up to 6000 mg/L, and then keeps smooth.…”

“…In general, the viscosity of polymer solution is strongly dependent on temperature. [1,10] When temperature increases, the intermolecular interaction decreases due to the increase in thermal motion of molecules. At high temperature, the viscosity of polymer solution may decrease because of weak bond in polymer chemical structure, leading to the breakage of hydrophobic side chain from polymer backbone.…”

“…Recently, some scholars are interested in development of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM) system to improve the performances of HPAM solution in temperature endurance, salt resistance and stabilities. [9][10][11][12] These studies mainly focused on direct polymerization of surface active monomers, whereas very scarce studies were conducted on the performance improvement of PAM and the polymerization of PAM with surface active monomers.…”

A double‐tailed acrylamide hydrophobically associating polymer: Synthesis, characterization, and solution properties

“…With the temperature increase, a large number of associating groups aggregated together to form reversible, physical, supermolecular structures by strong van der Waal's interactions. 30 The introduction of the benzene ring in the hydrophobic monomer can also improve the associating properties and temperature tolerance of DTHAP. However, the supermolecular structure formed by hydrophobic association was unstable, especially under high temperature, which resulted in the decrease of viscosity.…”

“…Because more compact three dimension network structure can be observed directly from the ESEM images of HAP than HPAM. 18,30 The DTHAP solutions (DTHAP concentration, 2 g/ L) for ESEM were prepared by smearing a small amount of DTHAP solutions on conducting resin. Then, the samples were dried by Vacuum Freezing and Drying Technology before observation.…”