Self‐setting properties and in vitro bioactivity of Ca₃SiO₅/CaSO₄⋅1/2H₂o composite cement

Abstract

In this study, a biphasic injectable bone substitute, based on tricalcium silicate (Ca(3)SiO(5)) and plaster (CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O), is presented. The addition of CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O could accelerate the hydration of Ca(3)SiO(5), decrease the setting time, and improve the strength of the cement. The workable Ca(3)SiO(5)/CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O pastes with a liquid to powder (L/P) ratio of 0.8-1.0 mL g(-1) could be injected for 2-20 min (nozzle diameter 2.0 mm) and enabled initial setting times of 9-60 min. The setting process yielded cellular structures with compressive strength of 12.4-31.5 MPa after 2-28 days. The in vitro bioactivity of the paste was investigated by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days. The result showed that although large amount of CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O (30%) was added, the paste showed good ability to induce the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). Furthermore, the Ca(3)SiO(5)/CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O paste could degrade in Ringer's solution, and the dissolution extracts of the paste also had a stimulatory effect on L929 cell growth in certain concentration range. Our results indicated that Ca(3)SiO(5)/CaSO(4).1/2H(2)O paste was bioactive and degradable, and showed excellent mechanical properties after self-setting. Therefore, it may be a potential candidate for further investigation as injectable tissue repairing substitute.

Cytocompatibility, bioactive potential and antimicrobial activity of an experimental calcium silicate‐based endodontic sealer

“…) and induction of hydroxyapatite formation (Zhao et al . ). Dicalcium silicate has demonstrated biocompatibility and bioactivity (Wu et al .…”

The effect of curing conditions on the physical properties of tricalcium silicate cement for use as a dental biomaterial

“…The resultant powder is finally ground and sieved (Zhao & Chang 2004). Tricalcium silicate exhibits the ability to form bone‐like hydroxyapatite in simulated body fluid (Zhao et al. 2005, 2008, Wang et al.…”

“…2009b), and addition of calcium chloride resulted in a further reduced setting time. The hydrated cement exhibited good biocompatibility with induced cell growth and differentiation and bioactivity (Zhao et al. 2005, 2008, Huan & Chang 2008, Wang et al.…”

Calcium silicate-based cements and functional impacts of various constituents

“…The addition of up to 30% calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and calcium chloride resulted in improvement in physical properties of tricalcium silicate cement 57,59,62) , as well as enhancing the bioactivity and degradability of the resultant composite material 57) . Tricalcium silicate cement is presently used as the main constituent of a number of proprietary brands namely Biodentine (Active Biosilicate TechnologyTM, Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Cedex, France) and Bioaggregate (Verio Dental, Vancouver, Canada).…”