Self-reported Symptoms of Depression Among Chinese Rural-to-Urban Migrants and Left-Behind Family Members

Nikoloski, Zlatko; Zhang, Anwen; Hopkin, Gareth; Mossialos, Elías

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3355

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This study found that the new-generation migrants from rural to urban areas had worse mental health measured by psychological distress and perceived stress scores, which was consistent with evidence from previous studies ( 45 , 46 ). The new-generation migrants tended to be more educated and more likely to develop in cities, but the income inequality caused by the registered permanent residence could lead to great stress and subsequent psychological distress ( 9 , 47 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Furthermore, the relationship between the rural-to-urban migration path and the mental health of new-generation migrants was mediated by the two dimensions of social integration: life integration and acceptance of the host culture. This study found that the new-generation migrants from rural to urban areas had worse mental health measured by psychological distress and perceived stress scores, which was consistent with evidence from previous studies (45,46). The new-generation migrants tended to be more educated and more likely to develop in cities, but the income inequality caused by the registered permanent residence could lead to great stress and subsequent psychological distress (9,47).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Association between migration paths and mental health of new-generation migrants in China: The mediating effect of social integration

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe new-generation migrants born in 1980 and later are large and vulnerable internal migrants in China. Migration paths and social integration are important factors to explain for their mental health. However, they faced difficulties in social integration varying from migration paths. We aimed to explore the mediating role of social integration between migration paths and the mental health of new-generation migrants.MethodsThe migration paths included urban-to-urban, urban-to-rural, rural-to-urban and rural-to-rural. Mental health was assessed by the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K6) and the Perceived Stress Scales (PSS-4). Social integration was measured by economic integration, life integration, maintenance of the local culture, acceptance of the host culture and psychological integration. Multiple linear regressions with bootstrapping were used to examine the mediating effect.ResultsA total of 9,830 new-generation migrants were included in this study. The mean age was 26.92 (SD = 4.47) years and the proportion of rural-to-urban migrants was 63.7%. Compared with the new generation of rural-to-rural migrants, rural-to-urban migrants had higher psychological distress (β = 0.305, 95% CI: 0.152–0.458) and perceived stress (β = 0.328, 95% CI: 0.199–0.456). The bootstrapping test found that two dimensions (“life integration” and “acceptance of the host culture”) of social integration as a mediator weakened the negative effect of the rural-to-urban migration path on the mental health of new-generation migrants.ConclusionRural-to-urban migrants had poorer mental health, and the association was mediated by their poorer social integration. The migration policies developed to enhance social integration could effectively improve the mental health of new-generation migrants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Association between migration paths and mental health of new-generation migrants in China: The mediating effect of social integration

et al. 2022

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“…Past research on this study cohort had primarily focused on educational outcomes, namely education rights, dropout rates, and educational consequences [ 38 , 39 ]. There are limited studies that are concerned about this cohort’s mental health [ 40 , 41 , 42 ]. With these findings, we offer recommendations on health and social support required to develop this cohort’s mental health progressively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Identity, Core Self-Evaluation, School Adaptation, and Mental Health Problems in Migrant Children in China: A Chain Mediation Model

Chen

Ma’rof

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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(1) Background: The present study investigated the relationships between social identity, core self-evaluation, school adaptation, and mental health problems in migrant children, and the mechanism underlying these relationships; (2) Methods: The participants were migrant middle school students in China. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. A survey comprising the social identity scale, core self-evaluation scale, school adaptation scale, and mental health scale MMHI-60 was deployed; (3) Results: Findings indicated a significant and negative association between social identity and mental health problems, and such an association was sequentially mediated by core self-evaluation and school adaptation. Furthermore, core self-evaluation and school adaptation played a chain mediation role between social identity and migrant children’s mental health problems; (4) Conclusions: It is crucial to improve social identity, core self-evaluation, and school adaptation to reduce mental health problems among this population. Therefore, the research results provide a new direction for promoting the development of mental health education for migrant workers and their children in China.

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“…The prevalence rates of anxiety disorders (e.g., Guo et al, 2016), schizophrenia (e.g., Chan et al, 2015), poor mental health status among older population (Wang et al, 2016), and older adults loneliness (e.g., Zhong et al, 2018) were particularly high in modern China. In rural China, prevalence of reproductive depression (Cao et al, 2015), elderly suicide rate (e.g., Zhong et al, 2016), adolescents aggression (Huang et al, 2017), mental health problems among left-behind children (Tang et al, 2018; Wang J. et al, 2019) and spouses (Nikoloski et al, 2019), students anxiety (e.g., Liu H. et al, 2018), self-stigma (Ran et al, 2018), general depression (Qiu et al, 2018), and hopelessness among lower-class rural residents (Zhang et al, 2019) were high. Mental disorders were significantly associated with increased risk of suicide attempt in rural China (e.g., Sun et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2017; Liu B.P.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor Structures of General Health Questionnaire-12 Within the Number of Kins Among the Rural Residents in China

Guan

Han

2019

Front. Psychol.

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The 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) has been extensively used with Chinese population. Yet, it has not been used from a national representative survey in rural China. The aim of this study was to examine how number of kins associated with the factor structures of the CHQ-12 among the rural residents in China. Data were obtained from the 2009 rural-to-urban migrants survey (RUMiC). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (principal component analysis with varimax rotation) was performed to identify factor structures of GHQ-12 regarding number of siblings, age ranking, and number of children. To investigate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha was used. Internal consistency was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In all, 32171 rural residents in China from 2009 RUMiC participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 37.03 ( SD = 19.21) years. The psychometric properties and factor structures of the GHQ-12 used were described. All of the fit indices in CFA models were satisfactory. The two-factor and three-factor structures gathered the satisfactory fit indexes in the part of 2009 subsamples. The rural version of the GHQ-12 was reliable measures of psychological distress among the rural residents in China with respect to number of kins. The two-and three-factor structures derived from the present sample, with good model fit in the CFA analysis, which suggested that two-and three-factor solution could be used to assess mental health of rural residents in rural China.

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Self-reported Symptoms of Depression Among Chinese Rural-to-Urban Migrants and Left-Behind Family Members

Abstract: This cross-sectional study analyzes the association of rural-to-urban migration in China with mental health among migrants and their left-behind family members.

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Association between migration paths and mental health of new-generation migrants in China: The mediating effect of social integration

Association between migration paths and mental health of new-generation migrants in China: The mediating effect of social integration

Social Identity, Core Self-Evaluation, School Adaptation, and Mental Health Problems in Migrant Children in China: A Chain Mediation Model

Factor Structures of General Health Questionnaire-12 Within the Number of Kins Among the Rural Residents in China

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