Self-reported driving after marijuana use in association with medical and recreational marijuana policies

Benedetti, Marco H.; Li, Li; Neuroth, Lucas M; Humphries, Kayleigh D.; Brooks‐Russell, Ashley; Zhu, Motao

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102944

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Drivers in states that legalized MM self-reported driving after marijuana use more than their counterparts in states where MM was illegal, which was consistent with studies finding that MM legalization was associated with higher prevalence of THC detection in drivers [1,2]. Fink et al and Benedetti et al both found evidence that MM policies were associated with higher self-reported driving after marijuana use [11,12]. These findings are consistent with the policy-based difference in the present study; however we did not control for potential confounders or baseline differences in the outcome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…An alternative approach to study relationships between marijuana policies and driving after marijuana use is to use surveys that collect information on selfreported behaviors and attitudes. However, relatively few studies have used self-reported data for this purpose [11][12][13]. Previous studies have explored differences in self-reported driving after marijuana use or driving under the influence of marijuana based on demographic factors and the presence of per-se marijuana laws, which equate impaired driving to a threshold of detectable THC in one's system [14,15], however they did not consider recreational or medical marijuana policies (RM and MM, respectively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic and policy-based differences in behaviors and attitudes towards driving after marijuana use: an analysis of the 2013–2017 Traffic Safety Culture Index

Benedetti

Neuroth

et al. 2021

BMC Res Notes

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Objective Marijuana policies in the United States have become more permissive, motivating research on demographic and policy-based differences in behaviors and attitudes towards driving after marijuana use. The Traffic Safety Culture Index is an annual survey with national scope and multiple measures relevant to driving after marijuana use. We tabulated responses to questions about driving after marijuana use from the Traffic Safety Culture Index based on demographic factors, recreational and medical marijuana policies, and per-se marijuana laws. Results Male, younger, lower-income, and lower-education respondents self-reported driving after marijuana use more than their demographic counterparts, more often reported such behavior to be personally acceptable, and exhibited lower support per-se laws. Drivers in states that legalized medical marijuana self-reported driving after marijuana use slightly more than drivers in states where both medical and recreational were illegal. Support for per-se laws was higher among those in states that legalized recreational marijuana and in states with per-se laws. Demographic differences in our outcomes were consistent and cohesive. On the other hand, we found no predominant pattern suggesting that those in states with liberal marijuana policies were more tolerant of driving after marijuana use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and policy-based differences in behaviors and attitudes towards driving after marijuana use: an analysis of the 2013–2017 Traffic Safety Culture Index

Benedetti

Neuroth

et al. 2021

BMC Res Notes

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“…Such assessments urgently require other essential indicators, including cannabis-related hospitalizations (e.g., for mental health problems), treatment admissions for cannabis use disorders and cannabisrelated MVCs/injuries because these indicators represent principal drivers of cannabis-attributable burden of disease [14,37,49]. The preliminary data on cannabis legalization from Canada reflect some similar developments from the US, for example in regards to select increases in use and diversification in use methods yet an absence in clear change trends for driving under the influence of cannabis in legalization settings [7,40,50]. For now, currently available indicators suggest a 'mixed picture' of outcomes associated with legalization in Canada, including continuing high use rates of use among youth who are more vulnerable to adverse health effects of cannabis use than others and may be subject to punishments for ongoing use under legalization texts [51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

An overview of select cannabis use and supply indicators pre- and post-legalization in Canada

Fischer

Lee

Robinson

et al. 2021

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Background Canada implemented the legalization and regulation of non-medical cannabis use, production and sale in 2018 aiming to improve public health and safety. While outcomes from legalization reforms in other jurisdictions mostly rely on US-based data have been assessed to be mixed, Canadian data are only emerging. We compiled select population-level data on key indicators to gauge initial developments from pre- to post-legalization of cannabis in Canada. Methods We examined indicators data focusing on the following topics: prevalence of cannabis use, frequency of use, methods/products of consumption, driving after cannabis use, and cannabis sourcing. Indicator data were obtained mostly from national and some provincial population surveys. Prevalence or percentages for the indicators pre- and post-legalization (e.g., 2017- 2020), including confidence intervals were reported, with changes noted, as available in and indicated by the data sources. Results Data suggested selected increases in cannabis use prevalence, mostly among mid- and older- but possibly also younger (e.g., under legal use age) users. Frequency of use and driving after cannabis use among active users do not appear to have changed. Methods of cannabis use show diversifying trends, with decreases in smoking and increases in alternatives use modes (e.g., edibles, vaping). There is a clearly increasing trend towards accessing cannabis from legal sources among adults, while under-legal-use-age youth do not appear to experience heightened barriers to obtaining cannabis in legalization contexts. Conclusions Preliminary indicators on cannabis legalization in Canada show a mixed picture, some similar to US-based developments. While some use increases are observed, these do not necessarily represent indications of increases in cannabis-related harm, also since key (e.g., hospitalization or injury) data are lacking to date. There is a gradual embracing of legal supply sources of cannabis among users, which can be expected to serve public health and safety objectives. At the same time, cannabis use and access among under-age users as a principally vulnerable group do not appear to be hindered or reduced by legalization.

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“…The study also found an interaction between cannabis use and legalization, with frequent users living in recreational states being less likely to report DUIC compared to similar users living in non-recreational states. Benedetti et al ( Benedetti et al, 2021 ) found nonsignificant differences in the odds of self-reported past-year DUIC across states with recreational, medical, and no legal cannabis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis used national survey data to examine differences in self-reported DUIC across three legal environments. This analysis contributes to the small body of literature on self-reported DUIC and builds upon the only other study examining self-reported DUIC and both medical and recreational legalization ( Benedetti et al, 2021 ) by accounting for cannabis use frequency, which has been established as an important determinant of this relationship ( Lensch et al, 2020 ). The findings of this analysis are important because they have the potential to inform both medical and recreational cannabis legalization and the content of these laws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis legalization and driving under the influence of cannabis in a national U.S. Sample

Dutra

Farrelly

Gourdet

et al. 2022

Preventive Medicine Reports

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Self-reported driving after marijuana use in association with medical and recreational marijuana policies

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Demographic and policy-based differences in behaviors and attitudes towards driving after marijuana use: an analysis of the 2013–2017 Traffic Safety Culture Index

Demographic and policy-based differences in behaviors and attitudes towards driving after marijuana use: an analysis of the 2013–2017 Traffic Safety Culture Index

An overview of select cannabis use and supply indicators pre- and post-legalization in Canada

Cannabis legalization and driving under the influence of cannabis in a national U.S. Sample

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