Self-Powered 30 µW to 10 mW Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System With 9.09 ms/V Maximum Power Point Tracking Time

Abstract

A piezoelectric (PE) energy harvesting system with one-cycle maximum power point (MPP) sensing is presented. The one-cycle MPP sensing method uses a very small size sensing capacitor and it can make the transducer output voltage reach the open circuit voltage within one cycle. The proposed MPP sensing block can sense the open circuit voltage with a proposed peak detector and stores the MPP voltage using charge sharing blocks. The one-cycle MPP sensing approach simplifies the design of an MPP tracking algorithm and greatly reduces the tracking time. All control blocks are self-biased and choose the higher voltage between the input or output voltages of the switching converter as a supply voltage (V ). Therefore, a voltage multiplexer and a low-power ramp generator with V independence are also proposed to control the system without additional DC to DC converter. The entire system has been implemented in a 0.35 µm BCDMOS process. It operates at 90 kHz with a 10-mH inductor. The total power dissipation of the controller is 10 µW at a V of 2.7 V. The MPP tracking time is only 9.09 ms/V when the input voltage of the switching converter is changed from 3.4 V to 1.2 V.

Strain Energy Harvesting Powered Wireless Sensor System Using Adaptive and Energy-Aware Interface for Enhanced Performance

“…1(a), the adaptive PMM is composed of (1) an ACC and (2) a buck converter (LTC3388-3) to find the MPP for high energy transfer from the SEH under variable vibration conditions. The fundamental principle of the adaptive PMM is based on the well-known maximum power occurring at the magnitude of half-open-circuit voltage (V OC /2) of the PEH [15], [16] but the design and implementation of the ACC in the developed system is based on the literature [17].…”

Single Piezoelectric Transducer as Strain Sensor and Energy Harvester Using Time-Multiplexing Operation

“…system, the custom-developed PMM has a maximum power point finding control circuit which operates based on the wellproven half-open-circuit voltage method (V OC /2) [7], [15]. The buck converter will only be enabled momentarily for maximum power transfer of the MFC at the voltage with the amplitude of |V OC |/2.…”

“…The power is also normalized to frequency to determine the power that can be generated by the MFC for a given strain level. The efficiencies of the PMM for the different applied strain levels and frequencies were calculated using (7). A summary of the energy harvesting performance of the implemented system under different testing conditions is given in Table II.…”

“…Vibration energy is one of the most attractive sources due to its abundance in engineering structures [4], [5]. Piezoelectric transducers are widely used as vibration energy harvesters due to their simple structures and high power generation capability [6], [7]. Strain induced on a structure due to vibration can be harvested using flexible patch type piezoelectric transducers such as macro fiber composite (MFC), which is directly bonded onto the host structure to convert the dynamic strain experienced by the host structure into electrical energy [5], [6].…”

A CMOS Interface Circuit for Vibrational Energy Harvesting with MPPT Control

“…[1], [2] 과 FOC(Fractional Open Circuit) 방식 [3], [5] 이 있다. [7] 를 이용하는 방법과 추가적인 DC-DC 변환기를 입력 단에 병렬로 연결하는 이 중경로 (dual-path) 구조 [8] 를 Ⅱ.…”