Self‐perceived oral symptoms and periodontal status among young intravenous heroin addicts: A cross‐sectional case‐control study

Mehmood, Abid; Abduljabbar, Tariq; Al-Hamoudi, Nawwaf; Gholamiazizi, Elham; Kellesarian, Sergio Varela; Vohra, Fahim; Javed, Fawad

doi:10.1002/jper.17-0495

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Self-reported heavy smokers (individuals who had at least 40 pack-years of smoking) [ 23 , 24 ]; marijuana-smokers (individuals who were daily smoking marijuana for at least 1 year) [ 25 ]; and non-smokers (individuals that reported to have never used any form of tobacco-product and/or recreational drug) were included [ 13 , 26 ]. Self-reported dual-smokers (individuals smoking cigarettes as well as marijuana), light and moderate smokers, patients with systemic diseases such as HIV+ individuals and patients with cardiovascular, hepatic, endocrine and/or renal diseases were excluded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers

Javed

Al-Zawawi

Allemailem

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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In the United States, prevalence of marijuana-use has doubled in the past 2 decades. The aim was to compare the periodontal conditions and whole-salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels among young adult marijuana-smokers, heavy cigarette-smokers and non-smokers. Self-reported marijuana-smokers, heavy-cigarette-smokers, non-smokers with periodontitis and periodontally-healthy non-smokers were included. Demographic data was recorded and full-mouth plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (AL), marginal bone loss (MBL) and missing teeth were recorded. Levels of IL-17A and IL-23 levels were measured in the whole saliva. p < 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Fifteen-marijuana-smokers, 15 heavy-cigarette-smokers, 16 non-smokers-with-periodontitis and 15 periodontally-healthy-non-smokers) were included. The clinicoradiographic parameters were worse among marijuana-smokers (p < 0.01), cigarette-smokers (p < 0.01) and non-smokers-with-periodontitis (p < 0.01) than periodontally-healthy-non-smokers. Marijuana- and cigarette-smokers had Stage-IV/Grade C and non-smokers with periodontitis had Stage-III/Grade-C. Salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels were higher in marijuana-smokers than cigarette-smokers (p < 0.01) and non-smokers-with-periodontitis (p < 0.01). Whole salivary IL-17A and IL-23 levels were higher among cigarette-smokers than non-smokers with periodontitis (p < 0.01) and periodontally-healthy-individuals (p < 0.01). Marijuana- and heavy cigarette-smokers have comparable clinicoradiographic periodontal statuses. This rejects hypothesis-1. However, whole salivary immunoinflammatory response may be moderately worse in marijuana-smokers compared with heavy cigarette-smokers and non-smoker with periodontitis thereby supporting hypothesis-2.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers

Javed

Al-Zawawi

Allemailem

et al. 2020

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Self‐perceived oral symptoms and periodontal status among young intravenous heroin addicts: A cross‐sectional case‐control study

Abstract: Self-perceived OSs and periodontal inflammatory parameters were worse in IHA than controls.

Cited by 1 publication

References 29 publications

Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers

Periodontal Conditions and Whole Salivary IL-17A and -23 Levels among Young Adult Cannabis sativa (Marijuana)-Smokers, Heavy Cigarette-Smokers and Non-Smokers

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