Self-Objectification Among Physically Active Women

Greenleaf, Christy

doi:10.1007/s11199-005-1193-8

Cited by 102 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This result demonstrates that wearing tight/revealing exercise attire heightens exercisers' levels of state self-objectification. This finding is concordant with the results of previous cross-sectional research using a sample of physically active women (Greenleaf, 2005). Further, the result builds on Wolfe's (1999) finding that merely activating thoughts about exercising in revealing attire may trigger feelings of self-objectification.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, research (e.g., Wolfe, 1999) has found that self-objectifying thoughts are often triggered in exercise situations and that women are particularly susceptible to feelings of selfobjectification when they exercise. Cross-sectional research suggests that women who self-objectify engage in significantly less physical activity than those who do not self-objectify (Greenleaf, 2005). Further, body surveillance, a commonly used proxy measure of self-objectification, has been associated with decreased trait flow (Greenleaf & McGreer, 2006), and flow experienced during engagement in physical activity (Greenleaf).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?

Thøgersen‐Ntoumani

Ntoumanis

Cumming

et al. 2011

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Using objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), this study tested the interaction between self-objectification, appearance evaluation, and self-esteem in predicting body satisfaction and mood states. Participants (N = 93) were physically active female university students. State self-objectification was manipulated by participants wearing tight revealing exercise attire (experimental condition) or baggy exercise clothes (control condition). Significant interactions emerged predicting depression, anger, fatness, and satisfaction with body shape and size. For participants in the self-objectification condition who had low (as opposed to high) appearance evaluation, low self-esteem was associated with high depression, anger, and fatness and low satisfaction with body shape and size. In contrast, for participants with high self-esteem, these mood and body satisfaction states were more favorable irrespective of their levels of appearance evaluation. For female exercisers, self-esteem-enhancing strategies may protect against some of the negative outcomes of self-objectification.Keywords: self-objectification, appearance evaluation, body image, self-esteem, mood, exercise In today's society, there is an intense pressure to look attractive. As a consequence, many women, and to a lesser extent men, engage in appearance monitoring in an effort to manage their appearance and approximate the dominant societal beauty ideals. Objectification theory was proposed by Fredrickson and Roberts (1997) to explain the consequences of preoccupation and surveillance of (female) attractiveness. The theory suggests that many individuals internalize an outsiders' view of their own bodies, termed self-objectification, whereby they become preoccupied

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?

Thøgersen‐Ntoumani

Ntoumanis

Cumming

et al. 2011

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, both body shame and body surveillance have been linked with eating disorder symptomatology (Burney and Irwin 2000), and smoking behavior among women (Fiissel and Lafreniere 2006;Harrell et al 2006). Greenleaf (2005) found that self-objectification was associated with being less physically active (i.e., less engagement with physical exercise, an important health behavior). However, among women who exercise regularly, Strelan et al (2003) found that suburban Australian women higher on self-objectification exercise more for appearance-related reasons, and less for functional reasons (e.g., mood, health).…”

Section: Depression Health Behaviors Self-objectification and Pregmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Objectification and Pregnancy: Are Body Functionality Dimensions Protective?

Rubin

Steinberg

2011

Sex Roles

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Objectification theory contends that women are socialized to view their body as an object to be evaluated by others (Fredickson and Roberts 1997). In contrast, pregnancy may be a time that women are more attuned to their body's functionality. Extending objectification theory, we investigate relationships among body surveillance, awareness and appreciation of body functionality, depressive symptoms, and prenatal health behaviors among an online sample of 156 predominantly White, middle-class pregnant women from throughout the U.S recruited through maternity stores, message boards, listservs, and snowballing techniques. We examine whether higher levels of awareness and appreciation of body functionality may attenuate, and thereby possibly protect women from the negative effects of high body surveillance. We found that higher body surveillance was associated with depressive symptoms and, although not significant, tended to be associated with engagement in unhealthy prenatal behaviors. Awareness and appreciation of body functionality were each associated with fewer depressive symptoms and less engagement in unhealthy prenatal behaviors. Supporting our hypotheses, we found that at higher levels of appreciation of body functionality, the relationship between body surveillance and engagement in unhealthy behaviors was attenuated. However, in contrast to our hypotheses, the relationship between body surveillance and depression was stronger at higher levels of awareness of body functionality, and attenuated at lower levels. These findings suggest appreciation of body functionality may buffer negative effects of body surveillance. Future research examining these relationships over the course of pregnancy, and among ethnically and socioeconomically diverse women, is needed.

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“…Por eso se cree que una de las posibles causas de que la actividad física no muestre una tendencia clara entre las variables de SS y SC, se deba a la presencia de una auto objetivación en la población al realizar la actividad física o durante la relación sexual. Greenleaf (2005), considera que es posible que la auto objetivación reduzca la influencia positiva del ejercicio, al menos sobre la satisfacción con la apariencia.…”

Section: Isaura Castillo Hernández Y José Moncada Jiménezunclassified

“…trotar) (Reel et al, 2007).Se recomienda para futuros estudios indagar los motivos que llevan a las y los participantes a realizar actividad física, ya que estos pueden moderar positiva o negativamente los posibles efectos a nivel psicológico. Algunos individuos podrían estar motivados a ser físicamente activos y ejercitarse porque ven que mediante este proceso puede alcanzar un físico socialmente deseable; en cambio, otros individuos pueden motivarse a evitar la actividad física y el ejercicio para no exhibir sus cuerpos "menos que perfectos" (Greenleaf, 2005). También se debería incluir la medición de la auto conciencia de la IC durante la intimidad y la auto objetivación.…”

Section: Isaura Castillo Hernández Y José Moncada Jiménezunclassified

Relación entre el grado de actividad física y la satisfacción sexual y corporal en estudiantes universitarios costarricenses

Hernández

Moncada-Jiménez²

2013

CPD

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Relación entre el grado de actividad física y la satisfacción sexual y corporal en estudiantes universitarios costarricenses Relationship between physical activity level and body and sexual satisfaction in costa rican college students Relação entre o grau de atividade física e a satisfação sexual e corporal dos estudantes universitários de Costa Rica Isaura Castillo Hernández, José Moncada Jiménez Universidad de Costa RicaResumen: El propósito del estudio fue describir la relación entre la satisfacción con la imagen corporal, la satisfacción sexual y el nivel de actividades físicas en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios costarricenses de ambos sexos, solteros y heterosexuales. En el estudio participaron 179 estudiantes (39 mujeres sedentarias, 40 hombres sedentarios, 34 mujeres físicamente activas y 66 hombres físicamente activos); con una edad promedio de 20.4 ± 3 años. Todos los participantes completaron el IPAQ-7, el Índice de Satisfacción Sexual y la versión en español del Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Se realizaron análisis de varianza 2 x 2 de grupos independientes (Sexo x Nivel de Actividad Física). Se encontró que no existe relación entre el nivel de actividades físicas, la imagen corporal y la satisfacción sexual en hombres y mujeres universitarios. Palabras clave: Satisfacción sexual; satisfacción corporal; nivel de actividad física. Abstract: The purpose of the study was to describe the relationship between body image satisfaction (BS), sexual satisfaction (SS) and physical activity level (PAL) in a sample of male and female, single and heterosexual Costa Rican students. In the study participated 179 students (39 sedentary females, 40 sedentary males, 34 physically active females and 66 physically active males) with a mean age of 20.4 ± 3 yrs. Participants completed the

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Self-Objectification Among Physically Active Women

Cited by 102 publications

References 43 publications

Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?

Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?

Self-Objectification and Pregnancy: Are Body Functionality Dimensions Protective?

Relación entre el grado de actividad física y la satisfacción sexual y corporal en estudiantes universitarios costarricenses

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