Self-medication of anxiety disorders with alcohol and drugs: Results from a nationally representative sample

Robinson, Jennifer L.; Sareen, Jitender; Cox, Brian J.; Bolton, Shay-Lee

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.03.013

Cited by 184 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In the NESARC wave 1, the prevalence of SM with alcohol only for different ADs ranged from 3.0% for panic disorder without agoraphobia to 14.9% for social phobia (Table 1) (Robinson et al., 2009a). The prevalence of SM with drugs (with or without alcohol) ranged from 0.7% for panic disorder without agoraphobia to 7.0% for GAD (Leeies et al., 2010; Robinson et al., 2009a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of SM with drugs (with or without alcohol) ranged from 0.7% for panic disorder without agoraphobia to 7.0% for GAD (Leeies et al., 2010; Robinson et al., 2009a). When considering the prevalence of any SM (alcohol and/or drugs), results from the NCS provide a prevalence range from 7.9% for social phobia speaking subtype to 35.6% for GAD (Bolton et al., 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Menary et al., 2011, the study sample was limited to only those who were consumers of alcohol in wave 1 and reported psychiatric symptoms for all AD except specific phobia. In Robinson et al 2009a, the study sample was the entire population that reported psychiatric symptoms in wave 1 and did not limit to only consumers of alcohol.GAD, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD, post‐traumatic stress disorder…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies in the previous literature have examined the sociodemographic correlates of SM for AD and MD and have found generally consistent results (Bolton et al., 2006, 2009; Leeies et al., 2010; Robinson et al., 2009a). Male sex, younger age, being separated, divorced or widowed, and being Caucasian are factors that increase the prevalence of reporting SM for symptoms of AD and MD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, even after adjusting for current SUD, SM for AD or PTSD was related to a number of mood and personality disorders (Leeies et al., 2010; Robinson et al., 2009a), lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts (Bolton et al., 2006), and lower mental and physical health‐related quality of life scores (Leeies et al., 2010; Robinson et al., 2009b). These results show that SM itself is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes even after controlling for the presence of a SUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders (MD and AD) with substance use disorders (SUD) is common. One explanation for this comorbidity is the self‐medication hypothesis, which posits that individuals with MD or AD use substances to cope with the difficult symptoms associated with the disorder. Over time, self‐medication (SM) can develop into an independent SUD. This narrative review will present the prevalence and correlates of SM with alcohol and/or drugs for MD and AD and the relationship between SM and subsequent SUD using both cross‐sectional and longitudinal epidemiological data.MethodsScopus and PsycINFO were searched from January 1997 to April 2018 to identify original research articles that examined the prevalence and correlates of SM and the temporal relationship between MD/AD and SUD in the general population (n = 22).ResultsThe prevalence of SM with alcohol and/or drugs among those with MD or AD ranged from 21.9% to 24.1%. Male sex, younger age, being separated, divorced or widowed, and being Caucasian were characteristics associated with higher proportions of respondents endorsing SM with alcohol/drugs for MD and AD. Longitudinal data supports the temporal onset of primary MD/AD and secondary SUD among those who self‐report SM.ConclusionProviding and promoting alternate coping strategies for those with MD/AD may reduce SM, the development of SUD, and the comorbidity of MD/AD with SUD. The concurrent treatment of MD/AD and substance use is the current “gold standard” model of care, and the results of this review support its use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

et al. 2018

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Role of Self-medication in the Development of Comorbid Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders

Robinson¹

2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

185

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Self-medication in anxiety disorders confers substantial risk of incident substance use disorders. Conversely, self-medication in substance use disorders is associated with incident social phobia. These results not only clarify several pathways that may lead to the development of comorbidity but also indicate at-risk populations and suggest potential points of intervention in the treatment of comorbidity.

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A Prospective Assessment of Reports of Drinking to Self-medicate Mood Symptoms With the Incidence and Persistence of Alcohol Dependence

et al. 2013

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Self-medication of anxiety disorders with alcohol and drugs: Results from a nationally representative sample

Cited by 184 publications

References 25 publications

Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

Role of Self-medication in the Development of Comorbid Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders

A Prospective Assessment of Reports of Drinking to Self-medicate Mood Symptoms With the Incidence and Persistence of Alcohol Dependence

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