Self-Healing In Smart Grid: A Review

Abstract

Today's power systems are based on Tesla's design principles developed in the 1880s and have evolved over time to become the current aspect. Although communication technology is developing very fast, the development of power systems has not been able to keep up with it. Because the structure of the power system used is generally far behind and is unable to respond the needs of the 21st century. With the rapid development of today's technology, it has become possible to make the electricity network better by utilizing the computer and network technologies in the electricity networks. Thus, the electricity networks will provide a sustainable, safe and uninterrupted energy to the consumers by providing bi-directional data and electricity flow. The grids that can do this are called smart grids. One of the most important features of smart grid is that; in the case of a possible outage or fault, self-healing by continuing to provide energy flow.The lower the self-healing time, the less energy will remain in the network and the less time the system will continue to work to renew itself. The methods and tools used to achieve this are discussed in this article.self-healing algorithms and their application areas were surveyed using publications between 2003 and 2017. In the concept of self-improvement, especially transmission, distribution, micro grids, transient stability and cyber attack are explained.

Integrated Multistage Self-Healing in Smart Distribution Grids Using Decentralized Multiagent

“…It refers to selfperception, self-diagnosis, self-decision and self-recovery of the distribution grid under different conditions with minimal human intervention [3]. Self-healing control aims to optimize the operation and dispose of the hidden trouble during normal operation; while after fault, the main purpose of self-healing control is to detect and isolate the fault and restore service as soon as possible, and to assist the distribution system in returning to pre-fault configuration when the faulty section is repaired by crews [4].…”

“…Owing to the phased decomposition of complex selfhealing problem and the decentralized multistage solving way, the proposed multistage FDMAS strategy can accelerate selfhealing process of distribution networks, which is demonstrated from the above cases. In contrast to the centralized or CMAS approaches that have inherent disadvantage on real time of decisions and operations [1,3,4,13,26], the proposed FDMAS strategy has intrinsic deficiency on best solution, such as without considering multi-level feeder reconfiguration. Yet it may be a more reasonable tradeoff between complexity of algorithms and real-time of selfhealing.…”

Büyük Ölçekli Elektrik Kesintilerinin İncelenmesi

“…Sistem nerede, ne zaman ayrılabileceğine ve ne kadar yük atması gerektiğine de karar verecek duruma gelebilir [28]. Bu sayede akıllı şebekenin kullanıcılara vaat ettiği kendi kendini iyileştirme teknolojisi de sistem üzerinde uygulanmış olur [29,31].…”

Mitigating the Impacts of Covert Cyber Attacks in Smart Grids Via Reconstruction of Measurement Data Utilizing Deep Denoising Autoencoders

“…Therefore, removing the impacts of a CCDA from corrupted measurement data is a more valuable solution than discarding samples. In this context, there is a need to establish a mechanism to induce a self-healing capability [7,32,33] in the PCC, which removes bias added by an intruder. As shown by Scheme-II in Figure 1, one possible option is to reconstruct the corrupted sample after its detection, which involves both detection and reconstruction time.…”

“…Particularly, in the context of CCDA attack mitigation through the reconstruction of sensor collected measurement data, there is no existing work to the best of our knowledge. In the context of self-healing [7], which is a significant characteristic of an SG, there is a need to focus on mitigation layer and neutralize or minimize the impacts of a CCDA. Table 1.…”