Self‐Healing Fibrous Membranes

Abstract

Inspired by the self-healing function of living organisms, self-healing materials have been developed in recent decades to very high standards. As a new direction, self-healing fibrous membranes (SFMs) exhibit both the configuration of a porous structure and self-healing capability within one material. Different from nonporous self-healing materials, it is more challenging to introduce self-healing properties to porous fibrous membrane materials owing to the more complex healing mechanism and microstructure of SFMs. This Minireview focuses on the self-healing mechanisms, design principles, and preparation strategies of SFMs. The characteristics of SFM self-healing performance are introduced in detail, and insights and perspectives of SFM preparation and healing mechanisms are put forward. Furthermore, remaining challenges and future developments of SFMs are presented, where the ultimate goal is the design of highly efficient self-healing and superstable fibrous membranes.

Smart fibers and textiles for emerging clothe-based wearable electronics: materials, fabrications and applications

“…Due to the high curvature morphology of bers, the efficient loading of functional materials on brous substrates is much less than that of thin lm-based devices, resulting in a lower performance of wearable electronics than that of traditional devices. (7) The mechanisms of fabricating high-performance smart bers and textiles for clothing-based wearable electronics is still not fully clear, and the related comprehensive theory should be explored and constructed to further enhance the performance of the clothe-based wearable electronics.…”

“…4,5 While during the recent centuries, the continuous integration and development of science and technology have endowed bers and textiles with much more new functions, the requirements of human beings for advanced bers and textiles are also gradually increasing along with the improvement in the levels of living. [6][7][8] Fibers and textiles have evolved from the basic cold protection and warmth preservation, to multi-functions, and until current intelligence. [4][5][6][7][8][9] In recent years, smart bers and textiles with functions such as electrical conductivity, wireless sensing, physiological signal monitoring, Joule heating and temperature comfort regulation have been emerging, which beyond the traditional clothes are gradually stepping onto the historical stage.…”

“…[6][7][8] Fibers and textiles have evolved from the basic cold protection and warmth preservation, to multi-functions, and until current intelligence. [4][5][6][7][8][9] In recent years, smart bers and textiles with functions such as electrical conductivity, wireless sensing, physiological signal monitoring, Joule heating and temperature comfort regulation have been emerging, which beyond the traditional clothes are gradually stepping onto the historical stage. [10][11][12][13][14] Moreover, commercial high-tech clothing such as Google Commuter X Jacquard and Outlast have been developed, which redened the perception of conventional clothing.…”

The technology of wearable flexible textile-based strain sensors for monitoring multiple human motions: construction, patterning and performance

“…Biological tissue and STFMs with self-healing properties. 148 Additionally, Lee et al revealed a simple way for producing extremely flexible and sensitive fibre strain sensors by inserting silver nanoparticles into a flexible fibre with a multi-thread design. The fibre strain sensors were able to be used in interactive textiles, wearable technology, and bioengineering.…”

Stretchable, Adhesive, and Bioinspired Visual Electronic Skin with Strain/Temperature/Pressure Multimodal Non-Interference Sensing

“…Human skin, containing lots of receptors for sensing and distinguishing multiple stimuli, is one of the most important somatosensory systems. , Artificial multifunctional electronic skin (e-skin) that can mimic and even surpass the human skin sensory functions is anticipated to play an important role in personal healthcare, − prosthetics, − soft robotics, − human–machine interaction, − and other fields. − However, cross-talks prevent accurate measurements of the target input signals when parts of them are simultaneously present . In general, several combination effects of the materials (e.g., thermoelectric, piezoresistive, triboelectric, capacitive, and ferroelectric) and structural engineering (e.g., hierarchical patterns, nanohelixes, micropyramids, microridges, and interlocked microstructures) yielding different signals are the most straightforward method to design multimodal sensors with decoupled sensing mechanisms.…”