Self-extinguishing bio-based polyamides

Négrell, Claire; Frénéhard, Ophélie; Sonnier, Rodolphe; Dumazert, Loïc; Briffaud, Thierry; Flat, Jean-Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.022

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Polyamides find application mostly in electronic and transportation materials as they are easy to process, resist abrasion, and have good mechanical strength . Pramanik et al synthesized a biodegradable poly(ester amide) resin by polycondensation of castor oil N,N‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl) fatty amide with maleic anhydride and isophthalic acid, with a yield of 95%.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of castor oil–based polymers: A review

Nekhavhambe

Mukaya

Nkazi

2019

J Adv Manuf & Process

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Vegetable oils are a vital commodity in the industry because of the persisting challenges encountered with the utilization of fossil fuels, specifically petroleum. Petroleum-based polymers are a part of our day to day life, thus it is of importance to find sustainable ways to produce such indispensable commodities. Although various vegetable oils have been utilized to produce polymers, castor oil surpasses other vegetable oils, as it does not compete with the food industry as it is nonedible and as it is a natural polyol and has been used for polyurethane synthesis. Because of the versatility of castor oil chemistry, polymers such as epoxies, polyamides, and polyesters can be synthesized. The review focuses on the importance of castor oil toward the synthesis of various polymers and their versatile applications. K E Y W O R D Scastor oil, castor oil chemistry, epoxy nanocomposite, polyester, polyurethane

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of castor oil–based polymers: A review

Nekhavhambe

Mukaya

Nkazi

2019

J Adv Manuf & Process

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“…Similarly, the 31 P‐NMR spectrum of DDP‐containing FR‐PA6‐7 (Figure , structure 5) shows two single peaks at δ = 60.9 and 60.1 ppm with some small minor peaks aside. The peaks are also clearly downshifted compared to those found in pure DDP at δ = 35.2 and 35.7 ppm . Consequently, the same arguments as outlined for the incorporation of 3‐HPP apply and DDP is also copolymerized.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses of intrinsically flame‐retardant polyamide 6 fibers and fabrics

Mourgas

Giebel

Schneck

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, flame‐retarded polyamide 6 (FR‐PA6) was prepared via the direct co‐condensation of ε‐caprolactam with two different organophosphorus compounds in a typical melt‐polymerization process. Polymer microstructures, especially the incorporation of the phosphorus‐containing comonomers, as well as the thermal and physical properties of the resulting copolyamides have been studied in detail. The phosphorus‐modified PAs have a P‐content of 0.10–0.30 wt %, possess high relative viscosities of 2.2–2.4 and good thermal stability. FR‐PA6 multifilaments were prepared by melt spinning and show tensile strengths up to 40 cN/tex and tenacities up to 0.5 GPa. Knitted fabrics of FR‐PA6 exhibit high limiting oxygen index values around 35%. Due to the very low phosphorus content, there is no impairment of the material properties of PA6. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47829.

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“…The DDP‐containing FR‐PA‐3 showed two sharp singlet 31 P‐NMR signals at δ = 61.2 and 60.5 ppm, with minor additional peaks (Figure ). All signals were also clearly shifted downfield compared with those found in pure DDP at δ = 35.2 and 35.7 ppm clearly indicting that the incorporation of both the HH‐ and the DH‐salt into the PA6.6 backbone had taken place.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of intrinsically flame‐retardant copolyamides and their employment in PA6‐fibers

Mourgas

Giebel

Bauch

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Flame‐retarded polyamide 6.6 (FR‐PA6.6) was prepared by the cocondensation of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH‐salt) with the corresponding salts of hexamethylene diamine and two different organophosphorus compounds, namely, 3‐hydroxyphenylphosphinylpropanoic acid (3‐HPP, 1) and 9,10‐dihydro‐10‐[2,3‐di (hydroxycarbonylpropyl]‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DDP, 2). The incorporation of the phosphorus comonomers and the thermal and physical properties of the resulting copolyamides have been studied. The phosphorus‐modified FR‐PA6.6 possesses high relative viscosities of 2.0 to 2.4, good thermal stability, and was used for the production of polyamide blends by merging FR‐PA6.6 with commercial PA6. This offered access to flame‐retarded PA6 multifilaments, which possess tensile strengths up to 0.7 GPa and elastic moduli up to 6.2 GPa. Knitted fabrics of FR‐PA6 exhibit high limiting oxygen index (LOI) values between 36 and 38 and executed burning tests demonstrate that the incorporation of phosphorus‐based comonomers improve flame retardancy significantly. The approach presented here offers a straightforward access to effective flame retardancy in nylon 6.

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Self-extinguishing bio-based polyamides

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Development of castor oil–based polymers: A review

Development of castor oil–based polymers: A review

Syntheses of intrinsically flame‐retardant polyamide 6 fibers and fabrics

Synthesis of intrinsically flame‐retardant copolyamides and their employment in PA6‐fibers

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