Self-estimation of Oral Malodor

Rosenberg, Mel; Kozlovsky, Avital; Gelernter, Ilana; Cherniak, O.; Gabbay, J.; Baht, Roni; Eli, Ilana

doi:10.1177/00220345950740091201

Cited by 90 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Los carcinomas del tracto respiratorio superior, incluyendo la orofaringe, producen aminoácidos orgánicos normales o de cadena ramificada, mientras que los carcinomas de pulmón pueden producir acetona, metiletilcetona, n-propanol, anilina y o-toluidine (8,15).…”

Section: Halitosis Genuina Patológica Extraoralunclassified

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

Duque¹,

Tejada²

2016

CES odontol.

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La halitosis ha sido definida como un olor ofensivo y fétido en el aliento producido por factores como: mala higiene oral, infecciones dentales u orales y/o la ingestión de ciertos alimentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar el estado actual del diagnóstico, clasificación y tratamiento de la halitosis, y brindar estrategias y herramientas correctas para abordar una problemática que es tan común en la consulta odontológica. La prevalencia de la halitosis es alta y varía dependiendo de la población estudiada y el método de diagnostico usado (escalas subjetivas, mediciones organolépticas, halimeter, cromatografía de gas, test BANA ). Existen 3 tipos de halitosis: La halitosis genuina (fisiológica y patológica), la pseudohalitosis y la halitofobia. La etiología es multifactorial y existe un acuerdo en que principalmente ocurre por el metabolismo de las bacterias. La producción de compuestos volátiles y no volátiles es común en los humanos y está influenciada por factores genéticos, dieta, estrés, enfermedades y/o desordenes presentes en los individuos. Los dos tratamientos más utilizados y tradicionales para el control de la halitosis son el control mecánico de la lengua saburral y el uso de agentes antimicrobianos. La halitosis afecta una gran parte de la población, puede crear desventajas sociales y sicológicas, y aunque es de origen multifactorial su principal causa se encuentra en la cavidad oral, principalmente por factores como la placa bacteriana, gingivitis y periodontitis. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar las herramientas actuales para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la halitosis.Palabras clave: Halitosis, Enfermedades periodontales, Biopelícula, Pruebas de halitosis. AbstractHalitosis has been defined as an offensive and fetid breath odor caused by factors such as poor oral hygiene, dental or mouth infections and / or ingestion of certain foods. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of diagnosis, classification and treatment of halitosis, providing the right strategies and tools to address a problem that is so common in dental practice. Halitosis prevalence is high and varies depending on the population studied and the diagnostic method used (subjective scales, organoleptic measurements, halymeter, gas chromatography, BANA test). There are 3 types of halitosis: Genuine halitosis (physiological and pathological), the pseudohalitosis and halitophobia. The etiology is multifactorial and there is an agreement about the cause primarily by bacterial metabolism. The production of volatile and nonvolatile compounds in humans is common Comparte Duque A, Tejada C. Enero -Junio 2016 -Pág 71ODONTOLOGÍA and is influenced by genetic factors, diet, stress, diseases and / or disorders present in individuals. The two most used and traditional treatments to control halitosis are the mechanical control of coated tongue and the use of antimicrobial agents. Halitosis affects a large part of the population may create social and psychological disadvantages, and although it is of multifactorial origi...

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Section: Halitosis Genuina Patológica Extraoralunclassified

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

Duque¹,

Tejada²

2016

CES odontol.

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“…Esta condição pode estar relacionada ao fato da perda da sensibilidade do próprio odor. Segundo Rosenberg et al 21 , as noções proprioceptoras do indivíduo podem confundir a capacidade de identificação do mau odor de forma objetiva, ocorrendo uma adaptação olfativa por se tratar de característica do próprio corpo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O halímetro, por outro lado, é um aparelho para avaliação objetiva, detectando os compostos sulfurados voláteis (CSVs) presentes no ar exalado de forma quantitativa. 1 O teste BANA (N-benzoil-DL-arginina-2-naftilamida) é um método enzimático complementar, utilizado para identificação de bactérias que participam principalmente no processo de destruição periodontal e são causadoras do mau hálito 12,16,21 .…”

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Avaliação da percepção pessoal em relação à condição de halitose e confirmação clínica

Leandrin

Boeck

Ricci

et al. 2015

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: A halitose é uma condição em que o hálito se apresenta de forma desagradável, acometendo milhares de pessoas e causando impacto negativo para as mesmas. Objetivo: A presente pesquisa em campo buscou avaliar a percepção pessoal em relação à condição de halitose por meio de aplicação de questionário específico e confirmação clínica. Material e método: A amostra foi composta por 59 indivíduos entre 20 e 60 anos de idade, usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Araraquara, que foram selecionados de forma aleatória. A metodologia empregada constituiu-se de: i) Assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido; ii) Aplicação de questionário especialmente elaborado para esta pesquisa; iii) Confirmação clínica, com a aplicação do teste com halímetro (Tanita Breath Alert CHC-212S). Após o experimento, todos receberam folhetos informativos com dados gerais sobre halitose. Os resultados obtidos foram agrupados em tabelas de contingência, construídas pelo Microsoft Excel, sendo então analisados pelo teste do Qui-quadrado. Resultado e conclusão: Após análises, conclui-se que as pessoas perderam a capacidade de perceber o próprio hálito quando tinham halitose; não tiveram condições de se autoavaliarem de forma eficaz; os fatores de riscos que influenciaram na halitose foram: idade superior aos 40 anos, uso de alguns tipos de medicamentos, algumas patologias, frequência de visita ao Dentista e falhas em procedimentos de higiene bucal, tais como escovação dentária, uso do fio dental, limpeza da língua e limpeza de próteses. Os outros fatores pesquisados não se mostraram estatisticamente suficientes para estabelecerem relação de influência na halitose.Descritores: Halitose; diagnóstico; bactérias anaeróbias. AbstractIntroduction: Halitosis is a condition characterized by unpleasant breath, affecting thousands of people and causing a negative impact on them. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate self-perception of halitosis condition by applying a specific questionnaire and having clinical evaluation. Material and method: The sample was composed by 59 randomly selected voluntaries between the ages of 20 and 60 years old who were users of Basic Health Units of Araraquara. The methodologies applied were: 1. Signature of informed consent; 2. Application of standardized questionnaire specially designed for this research; 3. Clinical confirmation through halimeter (Tanita Breath Alert CHC-212S). After the experimental phase, all the volunteers received a document with general information about halitosis (causes and treatment). The results were grouped in Microsoft Excel tables and analyzed by Chi-square test. Result and conclusion: After the analyses, it was concluded that people had lost the ability to perceive their own breath when they had halitosis and they are unable to evaluate themselves effectively; the risky factors that influenced the halitosis were: people over the age of 40, the use some types of drugs, some diseases, frequency of visit to the dentist and poor oral hygiene including bad...

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“…8,14,17 Individuals with objective halitosis can be unaware of the problem, whereas others are convinced that those individuals have halitosis even when no objective evidence are found. 17,[31][32][33] In addition, some proportion of the latter ones may be considered to have pseudo-halitosis or halitophobia. 5,8,11 Our study has several limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Halitosis Diagnosed by a Questionnaire and Halimeter and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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Background/Aims The relationship between halitosis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate an association between subjective and objective halitosis and GERD. Methods The subjects were enrolled from participants who visited a health promotion center at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. For diagnosis of halitosis, a questionnaire was requested, and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were measured by Halimeter. Self-conscious halitosis was defined as halitosis perceived by himself or herself. Informed halitosis was defined as halitosis perceived by others. Objective halitosis was defined when mean VSCs values were > 100 parts per billion. GERD was defined based on a questionnaire and endoscopy, including erosive esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). Results A total of 54 subjects (male:female = 33:21) with mean age of 46.0 ± 11.4 years were analyzed. The mean VSCs values were not significantly different between presence and absence of self-conscious halitosis ( P = 0.322), but significantly different between presence and absence of informed halitosis ( P = 0.021). Informed halitosis was associated with objective halitosis ( P = 0.039). GERD, erosive esophagitis and NERD did not correlate with objective halitosis ( P = 0.556, 0.206 and 0.902, respectively). In multivariable analysis, the relationship between objective halitosis and GERD symptoms including chest pain, heart burn, acid regurgitation, epigastric pain, hoarseness, globus sensation and coughing was not significant. Besides, GERD was not associated with self-conscious halitosis, informed halitosis and objective halitosis, respectively. Conclusions GERD might not be associated with self-conscious, informed halitosis and objective halitosis indicated by Halimeter results. Informed halitosis could be correlated with objective halitosis determined by the Halimeter.

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Self-estimation of Oral Malodor

Cited by 90 publications

References 17 publications

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

Avaliação da percepção pessoal em relação à condição de halitose e confirmação clínica

Association Between Halitosis Diagnosed by a Questionnaire and Halimeter and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

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