Self-esteem: Paradoxes and innovations in clinical theory and practice.

Bednar, Richard L.; Wells, M. Gawain; Peterson, Scott

doi:10.1037/10068-000

Cited by 126 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Yet we know that enduring paradoxical self-esteem exists (e.g., Bednar, Wells, & Peterson, 1989). This is the paradox.…”

Section: Two-dimensional Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical self-esteem and selectivity in the processing of social information.

Tafarodi¹

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Paradoxical self-esteem is defined as contrasting levels of self-liking and self-competence. Consideration of the social and motivational implications of this uncommon form of self-esteem suggests that heightened selectivity in the processing of social information may be behind its persistence. Two experiments were conducted to confirm the prediction of heightened selectivity in paradoxicals. As expected, those paradoxically low in self-liking were more negatively biased in their memory for personality feedback (Study 1) and interpretation of valuatively ambiguous phrases (Study 2) than were their counterparts who shared the same low self-liking but were also low in self-competence. Symmetrical with this result, those paradoxically high in self-liking exhibited a heightened positive bias relative to those who were high in both self-liking and self-competence. The findings are discussed in relation to attitudes and motivation. And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet through his head.

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“…Yet we know that enduring paradoxical self-esteem exists (e.g., Bednar, Wells, & Peterson, 1989). This is the paradox.…”

Section: Two-dimensional Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical self-esteem and selectivity in the processing of social information.

Tafarodi¹

1998

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Self-esteem involves a person's positive and negative self-evaluations (2), involving domains with varying importance. High self-esteem includes feelings of self-worth, power and the belief that one's self is competent to cope with the challenges of life and deserves happiness (6). Low selfesteem is defined as a feeling of worthlessness, with a negative impact on social interactions and a decreased resistance to psychological stressors.…”

Section: Issue Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-esteem in children with facial paralysis: A review of measures

Jugenburg¹,

Hubley²

2001

CAN J PLAST SURG

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S elf-esteem is a basic human need necessary for achievement (1), the main driving force behind all human activity and an organizing principle on which personal theories of reality are constructed (2). It operates, in effect, as an immune system of consciousness, providing resistance, strength and a capacity for regeneration (3,4). Its absence lowers selfconfidence and increases the likelihood of avoidant social behaviour (5). Thus, a lack of self-esteem impairs one's ability to become a successful member of society (6,7).Traditionally, surgical research has focused on quantifiable outcomes such as morbidity and mortality rates, and functional outcomes. Qualitative aspects of surgical procedures, however, have received much less attention. The question addressed in the present article is, in addition to functional improvement, does restoration of facial expression improve patients' general state of happiness, as reflected in self-esteem (8). The purpose of the present review was to identify which of the published self-esteem assessment tools is most appropriate for children with facial paralysis and the pediatric population in general. Research in surgery has traditionally focused on quantitative results, sometimes ignoring the qualitative impact on patients. The purpose of the present review was to identify appropriate measurement tools to assess the psychosocial domains of children undergoing corrective surgery for facial paralysis. More specifically, the construct of self-esteem was explored. The outcome of the present investigation is the recommendation for Harter-based assessment tools for research purposes and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale for clinical use. Using these tools will allow health care professionals to assess the psychosocial issues that are important to children with facial differences and to conduct research on the psychosocial impact of corrective surgery.Key Words: Assessment; Facial paralysis; Self-esteem L'estime de soi chez les enfants atteints de paralysie faciale : examen des outils d'évaluation RÉSUMÉ : La recherche en chirurgie met traditionnellement l'accent sur les résultats quantitatifs, allant même parfois jusqu'à négliger les conséquences qualitatives pour les patients. La présente étude a pour but de trouver des outils de mesure appropriés, permettant d'évaluer les aspects psychosociaux des enfants qui subissent une intervention chirurgicale correctrice pour de la paralysie faciale. Plus précisément, nous avons exploré le volet de l'estime de soi. Nous en sommes arrivés aux conclusions suivantes : les meilleurs outils d'évaluation sont ceux fondés sur le modèle d'Harter pour la recherche et sur l'échelle de l'estime de soi de Rosenberg en clinique. Ces outils permettront aux professionnels de la santé d'évaluer les aspects psychosociaux qui revêtent de l'importance pour les enfants présentant des différences faciales et de faire de la recherche sur l'incidence psychosociale de la chirurgie correctrice.

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“…Os autores aqui citados contribuíram com as suas idéias para a definição do construto auto-estima, tais como a forma como o indivíduo elege as suas metas, na visão de W. James, a aceitação de si mesmo em A. Adler, a importância do outro significante enfatizado por C. H. Cooley e G. H. Mead, e a autenticidade do eu em K. Rogers, que constituíram um pano de fundo ao que mais recentemente foi incorporado a este tema (Bednar & Peterson, 1995). Cada um destes autores contribuiu para a compreensão do conceito de si mesmo e para a definição da auto-estima como o aspecto valorativo e afetivo deste conceito.…”

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“…Coopersmith (1967), realizou amplo estudo sobre auto-estima intitulado Os Antecedentes da Auto-Estima. Este autor tem sido tradicionalmente citado em todos os trabalhos de revisão do construto e na maioria dos estudos empíricos relacionados ao tema (Andrew & Tracy, 1996;Baumrind, 1967;Bednar & Peterson, 1995;Bracken, 1996;Buss, 1995;Coll, Palacios & Marchesi, 1995;Friedman, Gettys & Rogers, 1975;Harter, 1993;Martins, 1997;Mruck, 1998;Nisbet, 1996;Powers, Singer & Sowers, 1996;Sanches, Jiménez & Merino, 1997;Souza, 1978;Wyllie, 1974). Coopersmith (1967) estudou as condições e experiências concretas que fortalecem ou debilitam a auto-estima, empregando tradicionais métodos psicológicos, particularmente mediante a observação controlada.…”

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