“…14 The ease of emulsification has been suggested to be related to the ease of water penetration into various liquid crystals or gel phases formed on the surface of the droplet. 15,16 The interface between the oil and aqueous continuous phases is formed upon addition of a binary mixture (oil/non-ionic surfactant) to water. 15 This is followed by solubilization within the oil phase, as a result of aqueous penetration through the interface.…”
Section: …………Eqmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…15,16 The interface between the oil and aqueous continuous phases is formed upon addition of a binary mixture (oil/non-ionic surfactant) to water. 15 This is followed by solubilization within the oil phase, as a result of aqueous penetration through the interface. Invariably, this tends to occur until the solubilization limit is attained close to the interphase.…”
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) possess unparalleled potential in improving oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble or lipophilic drugs. Following their oral administration, these systems rapidly disperse in gastrointestinal fluids, yielding micro-or nanoemulsions containing the solubilized drug. Owing to its miniscule globule size, the micro/nanoemulsified drug can easily be absorbed through lymphatic pathways, bypassing the hepatic first-pass effect. But it has drawbacks as formulation development, quality control, stability etc. These liquid SEDDS can be converted into solid dosage form without affecting drug release property. After administering the drug gets released and self emulsify in the GI tract. Generally solid SEDDS are formed with mono, di or triglycrides of fatty acid, non ionic surfactants and solidifying agents with diluents such as microcrystalline cellulose, lactose etc.
“…14 The ease of emulsification has been suggested to be related to the ease of water penetration into various liquid crystals or gel phases formed on the surface of the droplet. 15,16 The interface between the oil and aqueous continuous phases is formed upon addition of a binary mixture (oil/non-ionic surfactant) to water. 15 This is followed by solubilization within the oil phase, as a result of aqueous penetration through the interface.…”
Section: …………Eqmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…15,16 The interface between the oil and aqueous continuous phases is formed upon addition of a binary mixture (oil/non-ionic surfactant) to water. 15 This is followed by solubilization within the oil phase, as a result of aqueous penetration through the interface. Invariably, this tends to occur until the solubilization limit is attained close to the interphase.…”
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) possess unparalleled potential in improving oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble or lipophilic drugs. Following their oral administration, these systems rapidly disperse in gastrointestinal fluids, yielding micro-or nanoemulsions containing the solubilized drug. Owing to its miniscule globule size, the micro/nanoemulsified drug can easily be absorbed through lymphatic pathways, bypassing the hepatic first-pass effect. But it has drawbacks as formulation development, quality control, stability etc. These liquid SEDDS can be converted into solid dosage form without affecting drug release property. After administering the drug gets released and self emulsify in the GI tract. Generally solid SEDDS are formed with mono, di or triglycrides of fatty acid, non ionic surfactants and solidifying agents with diluents such as microcrystalline cellulose, lactose etc.
“…The mechanism of self-emulsification is specific for parameters like, pair of oil and surfactant, type and concentration of surfactant, oil/surfactant ratio, and temperature at which self emulsification occur. Since the drug delivery should be biocompatible so the selection of excipient used in formulation is very important [17][18][19][20][21] .…”
Section: Fig 1: Classification Of Lipid Based Formulationmentioning
Oral route is the easiest and most convenient route of drug administration, being non invasive and cost effective, thereby leading worldwide drug delivery market. But major problem encountered in oral formulations (as estimated more than 50 % of oral formulations are found to be poorly aqueous soluble), is low bioavailability, giving rise to further problems like, high inter and intra subject variability, lack of dose uniformity and finally leading to therapeutic failure. The challenging task is to increase the bioavailability of drugs. Number of technological strategies are investigated and reported in literature for improving bioavailability like solid dispersions, cyclodextrins, micronization etc. But Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) have gained exposure for their ability to increase solubility and bioavailability of poorly aqueous soluble drugs with reduction in dose and also drugs are protected from hostile environment in gut. SMEDDS are isotropic mixture of oil, surfactant, drug and sometimes containing cosurfactant and administered orally which on mild agitation with GI fluids forms o/w microemulsion. This review gives complete overview of SMEDDS but special attention has been paid to formulation design, evaluation and little emphasis on application of SMEDDS.
“…For emulsification to occur, the interfacial structure must not show any resistance against surface shearing. The ease of emulsification is probably related to the ease of water penetration into the various liquid crystals or gel phases formed on the surface of the droplet (Groves et al, 1974;Wakerly et al, 1986;Rang, Miller, 1999). The interface between the oil and aqueous continuous phase is formed upon addition of a binary mixture consisting of oil and non-ionic surfactant in water.…”
Self-emulsifying therapeutic system (SETs) provide an effective and intelligent solution to the various issues related to the formulation of hydrophobic drugs with limited solubility in gastrointestinal fluid. Although the potential utility of SETs is well known, only in recent years has a mechanistic understanding of the impact of these systems on drug disposition emerged. These in situ emulsion-forming systems have a high stability when incorporated in various dosage forms. SETs are being looked upon as systems which can overcome the problems associated with delivery of poorly water soluble drugs. An in-depth knowledge about lipids and surfactants that can contribute to these systems, criterion for their selection and the proportion in which they can be used, represent some crucial factors determining the in vivo performance of these systems. This article presents a comprehensive account of various types of self-emulsifying formulations with emphasis on their composition and examples of currently marketed preparations.Uniterms: Lipid based formulations. Self-emulsifying therapeutic system. Self-emulsification.O sistema terapêutico auto-emulsionante (SETs) fornece solução eficaz e inteligente para os vários problemas relativos à formulação de fármacos hidrofóbicos com solubilidade limitada no fluido gastrintestinal. Embora a utilidade potencial dos SETs seja bem conhecida, só recentemente se compreendeu, mecanisticamente,o impacto desses sistemas na disposição de fármacos. Estes sistemas de formação de emulsão in situ têm alta estabilidade, quando incorporados em várias formas de dosagem. Os SETs têm sido considerados como sistemas que podem resolver problemas associados à liberação de fármacos pouco solúveis em água. O conhecimento profundo dos lipídios e tensoativos que podem ser utilizados para estes sistemas e o critério para a sua seleção e proporção na qual eles são utilizados são alguns dos fatores cruciais que determinam o desempenho do sistema in vivo. Este artigo apresenta o relato abrangente de vários tipos de formulações auto-emulsificantes, com ênfase em sua composição e exemplos das preparações que são correntemente comercializadas.Unitermos: Formulações baseadas em lipídio. Sistema terapêutico auto-emulsificante. Autoemulsificação.
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