“…On the other hand, a pendulum hardness of about 80 s was achieved with the TMP/TDI (at a ratio of 1.25) LW-or LWB-based coatings. This value was close to the reported values of between 70 s and 90 s for some wood coatings, on the basis of acrylic and acrylic/polyurethane wood finish dispersions (Vielhauer et al 2013), but still less than the 110 s to 120 s reported for commercial two-component polyurethane based coatings (Bock 2001).…”
Section: Pu Films Prepared From Lw and Lwbsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The other vibration bands were not significantly modified. These bands were assigned, respectively, to the asymmetric and symmetric stretching of C-H bonds in the methylene (-CH2-) and methyl (CH3-) groups (Budija et al 2009a) at 2850 cm -1 and 2955 cm -1 ; C-H bond bending in methylene and methyl groups at 1462 cm -1 , 1425 cm -1 , and 1330 cm -1 ; the C-O-C bond stretching at 1160 cm -1 ; and C-O bond stretching at 1268 cm -1 and 1000 cm -1 to1100 cm -1 . The band at around 3400 cm -1 from the stretching of hydroxyl groups (Helsen et al 2007) signified a greater presence of alcohol (or phenol) compounds containing -OH groups than carboxylic acids with -OH groups, suggesting a large portion of the hydroxyl groups in the LW remained non-oxidised.…”
Section: Bleaching Of Liquefied Woodmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, low resistance to water was proposed to be the consequence of a low crosslinking rate in self-crosslinked LW-based coatings (Budija et al 2009a).…”
Section: Pu Films Prepared From Lw and Lwbmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, it was shown that liquefied wood could be utilized for preparation of polyurethane films also by Lee et al (2014). Budija et al (2009a) studied PU coatings made from liquefied black poplar and polyisocyanate resins based on hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) (YCM402, Renner). The authors found that, except for the water resistance, the properties of the bio-based PU coatings investigated (e.g., resistance to dry and wet environments, flexibility, or resistance to scratching) were comparable to those of a commercial two-component PU made from non-renewable resources.…”
Liquefied wood-based polyurethane wood coatings of an aesthetically acceptable light colour were prepared and characterised. Liquefied black poplar wood was obtained by solvolysis in a polyethylene glycol/glycerol mixture, and it was bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The bleaching treatment converted liquefied wood from a dark brown to a yellowish product. Polyurethane films were prepared by the curing of liquefied wood with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or trimethylolpropane toluene diisocyanate prepolymer (TMP/TDI) isocyanate-type hardeners. It was found that the selected properties of the films prepared from the bleached liquefied wood were, in general, equivalent to those prepared from unbleached liquefied wood. The mechanical properties of the films obtained with the TMP/TDI curing agent were acceptable for wood coating applications. The initial poor resistance of the films to water and ethanol was substantially improved by the addition of n-octyltriethoxysilane to the liquefied wood prior to the preparation of the polyurethane coatings; the hardness of the films also increased.
“…On the other hand, a pendulum hardness of about 80 s was achieved with the TMP/TDI (at a ratio of 1.25) LW-or LWB-based coatings. This value was close to the reported values of between 70 s and 90 s for some wood coatings, on the basis of acrylic and acrylic/polyurethane wood finish dispersions (Vielhauer et al 2013), but still less than the 110 s to 120 s reported for commercial two-component polyurethane based coatings (Bock 2001).…”
Section: Pu Films Prepared From Lw and Lwbsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The other vibration bands were not significantly modified. These bands were assigned, respectively, to the asymmetric and symmetric stretching of C-H bonds in the methylene (-CH2-) and methyl (CH3-) groups (Budija et al 2009a) at 2850 cm -1 and 2955 cm -1 ; C-H bond bending in methylene and methyl groups at 1462 cm -1 , 1425 cm -1 , and 1330 cm -1 ; the C-O-C bond stretching at 1160 cm -1 ; and C-O bond stretching at 1268 cm -1 and 1000 cm -1 to1100 cm -1 . The band at around 3400 cm -1 from the stretching of hydroxyl groups (Helsen et al 2007) signified a greater presence of alcohol (or phenol) compounds containing -OH groups than carboxylic acids with -OH groups, suggesting a large portion of the hydroxyl groups in the LW remained non-oxidised.…”
Section: Bleaching Of Liquefied Woodmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, low resistance to water was proposed to be the consequence of a low crosslinking rate in self-crosslinked LW-based coatings (Budija et al 2009a).…”
Section: Pu Films Prepared From Lw and Lwbmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, it was shown that liquefied wood could be utilized for preparation of polyurethane films also by Lee et al (2014). Budija et al (2009a) studied PU coatings made from liquefied black poplar and polyisocyanate resins based on hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) (YCM402, Renner). The authors found that, except for the water resistance, the properties of the bio-based PU coatings investigated (e.g., resistance to dry and wet environments, flexibility, or resistance to scratching) were comparable to those of a commercial two-component PU made from non-renewable resources.…”
Liquefied wood-based polyurethane wood coatings of an aesthetically acceptable light colour were prepared and characterised. Liquefied black poplar wood was obtained by solvolysis in a polyethylene glycol/glycerol mixture, and it was bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The bleaching treatment converted liquefied wood from a dark brown to a yellowish product. Polyurethane films were prepared by the curing of liquefied wood with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or trimethylolpropane toluene diisocyanate prepolymer (TMP/TDI) isocyanate-type hardeners. It was found that the selected properties of the films prepared from the bleached liquefied wood were, in general, equivalent to those prepared from unbleached liquefied wood. The mechanical properties of the films obtained with the TMP/TDI curing agent were acceptable for wood coating applications. The initial poor resistance of the films to water and ethanol was substantially improved by the addition of n-octyltriethoxysilane to the liquefied wood prior to the preparation of the polyurethane coatings; the hardness of the films also increased.
“…The results of Budija et al (2009) clearly indicated that liquefi ed wood contains considerable portions of polyol. Thus, the infl uence of the reaction product between pure ethylene glycol and sulphuric acid, without wood, on fungal growth was of a particular interest as well.…”
Liquefaction of Central-European softwoods meal was performed using a mixture of diethylene glycol and glycerol and a minor addition of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. The liquefied wood was used as a replacement of a certain amount of the polyhydroxy alcohol in the polyester synthesis, enabled by the large number of hydroxyl groups that were available in the liquefied wood. Three different polyesters were synthesized by using adipic acid and phthalic acid anhydride as reagents. The products were characterized using FTIR, GPC/SEC, and viscosity measurements. The polyesters have hydroxyl values that were reduced due to esterification, from 1043 mg KOH/g of the liquefied wood to 400-800 mg KOH/g. Polyhydroxyl alcohols (22-23%) in the polyester formulations were replaced by wood derivatives. Such saturated polyesters are suitable for further use in polyurethane foam production.
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