Liquefaction of wood, synthesis and characterization of liquefied wood polyester derivatives

Kunaver, Matjaž; Jasiukaitytė, Edita; Čuk, Nataša; Guthrie, James T.

doi:10.1002/app.31277

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Lignocellulosic biomass originating from waste wood (Yamada and Ono 1999;Kunaver et al 2010) and agricultural crops (Lee et al 2000;Liang et al 2006;Wang and Chen 2007;Hassan et al 2008;Yan et al 2008Yan et al , 2010Chen and Lu 2009;Hu and Li 2014) is considered to be the most abundant renewable raw material in the world. Lignocellulosic biomass consists mainly of cellulose (30-35%), hemicellulose (15-35%) and lignin (20-35%) (Behrendt et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the vast amount of lignin is generated as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry. In general, lignin is used as fuel, and only a small amount (1-2%) is separated to be employed in industrial value-added applications (Gandini and Belgacem 2008;Kunaver et al 2010). The obtained raw materials can be used in the production of polyurethanes, epoxy and phenolic resins (Yan et al 2008;Gao et al 2010;Hu and Li 2014), adhesives (Lee and Lin 2008) and foils (Kurimoto et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

et al. 2018

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The present study examined the application of polyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin in the production of rigid polyurethane foam. Lignin was liquefied in crude glycerol and 1,4-butanediol at different temperatures (130-170 °C), without a catalyst and using various biomass concentrations (15 and 30 wt%). The physicochemical properties, process yield, and FTIR-based identification of the obtained polyols were investigated. Under optimal conditions, i.e., a 5-min microwave heating time and a reaction temperature of 150 °C, a polyol characterized by a suitable hydroxyl number of 670 mg KOH/g was obtained with a 93% process yield. Liquefied biopolyol was directly used for the production of rigid polyurethane foams with the addition of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate at the [NCO/OH] ratio of 2:1. Mechanical properties of the obtained foams gradually improved with increasing content of biopolyol. The 5% weight loss temperature (T 5 ) for bio-based foams was higher, respectively 6 and 13 °C compared to the petrochemical foam. Replacement of petrochemical polyether with biopolyols showed the ability to obtain rigid polyurethane foams from lignin and crude glycerol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

et al. 2018

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“…Wood liquefaction using phenol results in products with properties similar to those of conventional phenolic resins (Zhang et al 2005;Kunaver et al 2010); these liquefied products have been used as adhesives, as well as raw materials for manufacturing molding compounds and adhesives, such as resole and Novolak phenolic resins (Alma et al 1996;Maldas et al 1997). When using polyhydric alcohols as liquefaction agents, other resins can be produced, such as polyurethanes (Lee and Lin 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cork Liquefaction for Polyurethane Foam Production

et al. 2017

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aCork is one of the most important forest products in Portugal. The cork processing industry is highly resource-efficient, and the only residue is cork powder, which is too small for agglomerate production. This work studied the usage of cork powder for the production of added-value products via polyol liquefaction. Liquefactions were performed in a reactor using a mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and glycerol as solvents, which were catalyzed by the addition of sulphuric acid. Several cork-tosolvent ratios, reaction temperatures, and reaction times were tested. Polyurethane foams were prepared by combining polyol mixtures with a catalyst, surfactant, blowing agent, and polymeric isocyanate. Mechanical tests of the produced foams were conducted, and compressive modulus of elasticity and compressive stress at 10% deformation were determined. The results show that the best conditions for obtaining high liquefaction yields are as follows: 160 °C for 1 h; glycerol-to-PEG 400 ratio of 1:9; corkto-solvent ratio of 1:6; and 3% H2SO4 catalyst addition. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the lignocellulosic fractions of the cork were more selectively dissolved during acidified polyol liquefaction than the suberin. With liquefied cork powder using these optimized conditions, it is possible to produce polyurethane foams with desired properties.

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“…The hydroxyl number of the LW before and after bleaching was determined according to the procedure described in the literature (Kunaver et al 2010). Thus, 0.5 to 1.0 g of sample was dissolved in 25 cm 3 of a phthalation reagent and heated at 115°C for 1 h under reflux.…”

Section: Determination Of the Hydroxyl Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Two-Component Polyurethane Coatings from Bleached Liquefied Wood

Cheumani-Yona

Budija²,

Hrastnik

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Liquefied wood-based polyurethane wood coatings of an aesthetically acceptable light colour were prepared and characterised. Liquefied black poplar wood was obtained by solvolysis in a polyethylene glycol/glycerol mixture, and it was bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The bleaching treatment converted liquefied wood from a dark brown to a yellowish product. Polyurethane films were prepared by the curing of liquefied wood with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate or trimethylolpropane toluene diisocyanate prepolymer (TMP/TDI) isocyanate-type hardeners. It was found that the selected properties of the films prepared from the bleached liquefied wood were, in general, equivalent to those prepared from unbleached liquefied wood. The mechanical properties of the films obtained with the TMP/TDI curing agent were acceptable for wood coating applications. The initial poor resistance of the films to water and ethanol was substantially improved by the addition of n-octyltriethoxysilane to the liquefied wood prior to the preparation of the polyurethane coatings; the hardness of the films also increased.

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Liquefaction of wood, synthesis and characterization of liquefied wood polyester derivatives

Cited by 57 publications

References 54 publications

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Biopolyols obtained via microwave-assisted liquefaction of lignin: structure, rheological, physical and thermal properties

Cork Liquefaction for Polyurethane Foam Production

Preparation of Two-Component Polyurethane Coatings from Bleached Liquefied Wood

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