Self-, cross- and interspecific pollinations in Passiflora capsularis and P. rubra

Dos, Juliane; Amorim, Santos; Souza, Margarete Magalhães; Viana, Américo José Carvalho; Freitas, Cloviane De Oliveira

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042011000400007

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…ashwagandha would be an obligate autogamous species with low p/o ratio of 611:1. The low p/o ratio was also observed by Amorim et al (2011) in Passiflora capsularis and P. rubra two obligatory autogamous species. The infrequent visits of insects on flowers and the insignificant pollen load carried by them further reduce the chances of cross-pollination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Reproductive biology of Withania ashwagandha sp. novo (Solanaceae)

Mir

Koul

Soodan

2013

Industrial Crops and Products

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Withania ashwagandha Kaul (Solanaceae) is an annual plant species of immense medicinal importance. It is a repository of a large number of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites known as withanolides. Evidence for the delimitation of the species from W. somnifera has been provided by our group using multidisciplinary approaches. Knowledge of reproductive biology of medicinal plants is crucial for improvement, effective conservation and management plans to evolve genetically superior varieties. The present paper reports our findings on the floral biology, pollination behavior and breeding system of W. ashwagandha in natural populations grown at our experimental field under near natural conditions. Flowering (peak) takes place during April-July and anthesis occurs between 08:00 and 11:00 h. The period of stigma receptivity coincides with anther dehiscence. Fruit set on pollination treatments ranged from 90.8% (passive autogamy), 72% (assisted autogamy), 30.30% (xenogamy), and 56.50% (geitonogamy) through 50.40% (open pollination). Xenogamy brings about very low fruit set, seed-set and seed germination percentages. It is inferred that W. ashwagandha is predominantly an autogamous and self-compatible species. Self-compatibility is mainly accomplished due to close proximity of stigma and anthers. This work is the first report on the reproductive biology of W. ashwagandha and will be useful for conservation and development of improved varieties of this multipurpose herb. Highlights► Reproductive biology of W. ashwagandha Kaul was reported first time.► We report the species to be highly self compatible due to close proximity of stigma and anthers.► The period of stigma receptivity coincides with anther dehiscence. ► Fruit set on pollination treatments ranged between 90.8% (passive autogamy) and 30.30% (xenogamy).► Xenogamy brings about very low fruit set, seed-set and seed germination percentages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Reproductive biology of Withania ashwagandha sp. novo (Solanaceae)

Mir

Koul

Soodan

2013

Industrial Crops and Products

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“…Passiflora actinia sets fruit only by cross pollination and open-pollination treatments and is thus an outcrossing species. Actually, except small-flowered species of Passiflora (such as P. capsularis (Koschnitzke & Sazima 1997;Faria & Stehmann 2010;Amorim et al 2011), P. rubra (Amorim et al 2011) and P. suberosa (Koschnitzke & Sazima 1997), most are outcrossers, such as P. alata (Varassin & Silva 1999), P. edulis (Bruckner et al 1995;Cobra et al 2015), P pohli (Faria & Stehmann 2010), P. galbana, P. mucronata, and P. speciosa (Varassin et al 2001). Indeed, strong genetically controlled self-incompatibility mechanisms have been described for Passiflora species (Bruckner et al 1995;Suassuna et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar dynamics and reproductive biology of Passiflora actinia Hook. (Passifloraceae) in Araucaria Forest

et al. 2018

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Nectar production has an important role in pollinator attraction and successful fruit production in many selfincompatible angiosperm groups. The reproductive biology of Passiflora actinia was studied here and related to nectar dynamics. Passiflora actinia presented a temporal segregation of male and female functions at the beginning of anthesis. Due to the movements of floral verticils, the anthers were positioned in a way that favors pollination two hours before the stigmas reached the same position. The nectary consisted of an epidermis with stomata and a parenchyma rich in starch, which was hydrolyzed during anthesis. The nectary organization is probably associated with the continuous production of nectar during anthesis as well as with the high mean nectar concentration. Hand pollination tests indicated that Passiflora actinia is obligately xenogamous, depending on large bees for pollination, specifically the carpenter bee Xylocopa augusti. The continuous production of nectar may increase the number of bee visits, thus favoring pollen flow.

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“…The study of the P : O ratio in wild species discloses the possibility of self-fertilization, such as in P. capsularis L. and P. rubra L., with P : O ratio between 20.1 and 29.8, respectively, which characterizes them as obligate autogamous (Amorim et al 2011). However, the results found for P. capsularis and P. rubra were considered as a deviation from the values obtained for autogamous taxa by Cruden (1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive and cytogenetic characterization in Passiflora sublanceolata

Belo

Souza

et al. 2015

Biologia

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Reproductive biology (pollen-ovule ratio, pollen viability, germination in vitro pollination and stigma receptivity in vivo) and karyotype characterization by classical and molecular techniques were performed in Passiflora sublanceolata. The pollen-ovule ratio was 83.9, suggesting that this species is facultative autogamous. Pollen viability was below 70% during all anthesis period (6:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.). Low in vitro germination rates were observed after anthesis beginning, with none percentage at one, four and six hours and medium percentage (52.9%) at five hour. The stigma remained receptive during the whole anthesis (100%). The average fertilization percentages resulting from controlled pollinations varied between 8.4% at six hour after anthesis beginning and 50% at two and three hour. The fruit characteristics did not show significant differences by the effects of pollination time. The chromosome number was 2n = 22. The average chromosome length and the haploid chromosome length were 1.60 µm and 17.61 µm, respectively. Six CMA + 3 /DAPI − terminal blocks were observed. By means of the FISH technique it was found that the species presented six 45S rDNA terminal sites, two 5S rDNA sites, terminal and pericentromeric, and telomeric hybridization sites associated only to the terminal regions. Passiflora sublanceolata has great reproductive potential and cytogenetic stability as diploid plant. The results obtained in this work will assist in the use of P. sublanceolata as genitor in interspecific hybridizations with other taxa for breeding programs primarily aimed to obtain hybrids for ornamental plant market.

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Self-, cross- and interspecific pollinations in Passiflora capsularis and P. rubra

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Reproductive biology of Withania ashwagandha sp. novo (Solanaceae)

Reproductive biology of Withania ashwagandha sp. novo (Solanaceae)

Nectar dynamics and reproductive biology of Passiflora actinia Hook. (Passifloraceae) in Araucaria Forest

Reproductive and cytogenetic characterization in Passiflora sublanceolata

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