Self-Biased Bidomain LiNbO3/Ni/Metglas Magnetoelectric Current Sensor

Abstract

The article is devoted to the theoretical and experimental study of a magnetoelectric (ME) current sensor based on a gradient structure. It is known that the use of gradient structures in magnetostrictive-piezoelectric composites makes it possible to create a self-biased structure by replacing an external magnetic field with an internal one, which significantly reduces the weight, power consumption and dimensions of the device. Current sensors based on a gradient bidomain structure LiNbO3 (LN)/Ni/Metglas with the following layer thicknesses: lithium niobate—500 μm, nickel—10 μm, Metglas—29 μm, operate on a linear section of the working characteristic and do not require the bias magnetic field. The main characteristics of a contactless ME current sensor: its current range measures up to 10 A, it has a sensitivity of 0.9 V/A, its current consumption is not more than 2.5 mA, and its linearity is maintained to an accuracy of 99.8%. Some additional advantages of a bidomain lithium niobate-based current sensor are the increased sensitivity of the device due to the use of the bending mode in the electromechanical resonance region and the absence of a lead component in the device.

Physics of Composites for Low-Frequency Magnetoelectric Devices

“…For this calculation, the value of the quality factor Q = 130 was taken. Below, Figure 2 shows the dependence of the ME voltage coefficient on the frequency of the alternating magnetic field for two cases, when PZT and a cut of lithium niobate y + 128° [13,19] are taken as the piezoelectric phase. Metglas is taken as the magnetostrictive phase.…”

“…The main characteristic of the ME composite in the case of a direct effect is the ME voltage coefficient, which is the ratio of the induced electric field to the alternating magnetic field acting on the composite. There are numerous works devoted to the calculation of individual characteristics of ME composites [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and examples of the development of various ME devices: sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], gyrators [29,30], harvesters [31][32][33], antennas [34,35], and microwave devices [3,36]. The information in the literature concerns the calculations of the ME effect for individual electromechanical (EMR) regimes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]…”

“…There are numerous works devoted to the calculation of individual characteristics of ME composites [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and examples of the development of various ME devices: sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], gyrators [29,30], harvesters [31][32][33], antennas [34,35], and microwave devices [3,36]. The information in the literature concerns the calculations of the ME effect for individual electromechanical (EMR) regimes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], then further in the article we will carry the comparison of the obtained theoretical results with these data ...…”

“…19 shows the dependence of the ME voltage coefficient on the volume fraction of the piezoelectric material for the asymmetric ME structure Metglas/LiNbO3 Zyl + 45° for the quasi-static torsional mode.…”

Anisotropy of the ΔE Effect in Ni-Based Magnetoelectric Cantilevers: A Finite Element Method Analysis

“…However, hard magnetic materials such as Nickel are also in the focus of research. In magnetoelectric sensors, Nickel is often used in combination with a second magnetostrictive material to realize magnetizationgraded structures for the optimization of the magnetoelectric coupling [15,16]. Nickel is also an easy-to-process material for thin-film applications and, compared to magnetostrictive compound materials, relatively simple to describe as a model system.…”