Self-Assembly in the System Decanoic Acid–Butylamine–Water

Self-assembly and influence of the organic counterion in the ternary systems dodecylamine/acrylic acid/water and dodecylamine/methacrylic acid/water

“…Contrary to this, above the CMC the viscosity increases exponentially with increasing concentration for the methacrylate counterion, while it increases only slightly for the acrylate counterion. Such a sharp increase is usually attributed to a micellar growth with a transition from discrete spherical aggregates to larger elongated micelles [22,34,36,82,83]. According to this, in the present case it is shown that the presence of the methacrylate counterion leads to a different shape of the aggregates, indicating that there is a trend to form elongated micelles, whereas with an acrylate counterion the surfactant (da + a − ) forms spherical micelles.…”

“…Depending on the lengths of the alkyl chains, the resulting salts are considered as catanionic surfactants [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] or surfactants with an organic counterion [3,[34][35][36]. Backlund and co-workers [24,34] investigated the ternary phase behavior of the acetic acid/dodecylamine/water system and found an isotropic region (micelles), a cubic phase, and both lamellar and hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) phases.…”

Catanionic surfactant films at the air–water interface

“…The conclusion relevant to our discussion borne out from these experimental results is that, depending on the water content, a fraction of the short moiety of a catanionic surfactant (i.e. the organic counterion) is aggregated in the micelle (or lyotropic liquid crystal), while the remaining fraction resides free (unbound) [49].…”

“…For the paired surfactants formed by alkyl ammonium and alkyl carboxylate, when the chains contain equal numbers of carbon atom and are long enough, the phase behavior is typical of a "true" ion-pair amphiphile or catanionic surfactant [11]. However, if the carbon atom number is sufficiently unbalanced between the cationic and anionic chains, the phase behavior resembles more that of a surfactant with an organic counterion [43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. The conclusion relevant to our discussion borne out from these experimental results is that, depending on the water content, a fraction of the short moiety of a catanionic surfactant (i.e.…”

Synthesis and characterization of new cationic quaternary ammonium polymerizable surfactants

“…Above the critical micelle concentration (CMC), surfactants aggregate in micelles, and at higher concentrations they can form lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) phases [4,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The type of LLC phases (e.g., lamellar, cubic, or hexagonal) can be deduced from the texture observed by polarized optical microscopy (POM).…”