Self-assembly in the synthesis of ceramic materials and composites

Liu, J.; Kim, A.Y.; Wang, L.Q.; Palmer, Bruce; Chen, Y.L.; Bruinsma, Paul J.; Bunker, Bruce C.; Exarhos, Gregory J.; Graff, Gordon L.; Rieke, Peter C.; Fryxell, Glen E.; Virden, Jud W.; Tarasevich, Barbara J.; Chick, L.A.

doi:10.1016/s0001-8686(96)00309-0

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…[2] Through the use of these techniques, atoms, molecules, and particles arrange themselves into highly ordered structures that exhibit structure-selective properties (e.g., molecular transport, molecular sieving, etc.). The fundamental forces that drive the self-assembly process can be both intra-and intermolecular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance—Characterization of Self-Assembled Nanostructured Materials

Wang

Li²

1999

Adv. Mater.

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Self-assembly has been widely used for the preparation of novel nanostructured materials. To both accelerate the dynamics of this processing route and develop new nanostructures, it is critical to understand the attendant interfacial interactions that occur in solution between the different precursor components, and how such molecular level interactions affect nanostructured ordering. Extensive discussions of experimental techniques for characterizing nanoscale materials, such as small-angle X-ray or neutron scattering, high-resolution electron microscopy, and surface force microscopy can be found elsewhere. [1] This review will focus on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, which are sensitive to local chemical environments and provide complementary information on the molecular scale, in contrast to other analytical techniques. The first section provides a brief introduction to fundamental NMR principles and their applications. It is followed by examples to illustrate how NMR can be used to derive information related to long-range ordering on the nanometer scale, the molecular conformation on a sub-nanometer scale, and their correlation to interfacial binding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance—Characterization of Self-Assembled Nanostructured Materials

Wang

Li²

1999

Adv. Mater.

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“…The major driving forces for the surfactants to form well defined aggregates are the hydrophobic attractions at the hydrocarbon-water interfaces and the hydrophilic ionic or steric repulsion between the head groups. 44 Surfactants have been widely used as soft templates and morphology controlling agents to fabricate desired nanostructures. [45][46][47] Surfactant-directed synthesis can help to prepare monodisperse samples with narrow size distributions, low tendency towards agglomeration, excellent control over crystal size, good control over crystal shape, and good redispersibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different critical packing parameters favour the formation of different blocks, such as curved interfaces (spherical micelles and rod-like micelles), flat interfaces (flexible bilayers and planar bilayers) and inverse micelles. 44 Figure 1A shows the various morphologies that can be formed directly from block copolymers, 50 including the commercial Pluronic P123, etc. Unfortunately, synthesis via the traditional one-step self-assembly approach of hierarchicallyordered nanomaterials with controlled morphology on multiple scales is a tremendous challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-step self-assembly of hierarchically-ordered nanostructures

et al. 2015

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Due to their unique size-and shape-dependent physical and chemical properties, highly hierarchicallyordered nanostructures have attracted great attention with a view to application in emerging technologies, such as novel energy generation, harvesting, and storage devices. The question of how to get controllable ensembles of nanostructures, however, still remains a challenge. This concept paper first summarizes and clarifies the concept of the two-step self-assembly approach for the synthesis of hierarchically-ordered nanostructures with complex morphology. Based on the preparation processes, two-step self-assembly can be classified into two typical types, namely, two-step self-assembly with two discontinuous processes and twostep self-assembly completed in one-pot solutions with two continuous processes. Compared to the conventional one-step self-assembly, the two-step self-assembly approach allows the combination of multiple synthetic techniques and the realization of complex nanostructures with hierarchically-ordered multiscale structures. Moreover, this approach also allows the self-assembly of heterostructures or hybrid nanomaterials in a cost-effective way. It is expected that widespread application of two-step self-assembly will give us a new way to fabricate multifunctional nanostructures with deliberately designed architectures. The concept of twostep self-assembly can also be extended to syntheses including more than two chemical/physical reaction steps (multiple-step self-assembly). The question of how to get controllable ensembles of nanostructures, however, still remains a challenge. This concept paper first summarizes and clarifies the concept of the two-step selfassembly approach for the synthesis of hierarchically-ordered nanostructures with complex morphology. Based on the preparation processes, two-step self-assembly can be classified into two typical types, namely, two-step self-assembly with two discontinuous processes and twostep self-assembly completed in one-pot solutions with two continuous processes. Compared to the conventional one-step assembly, the two-step assembly approach allows the combination of multiple synthetic techniques and the realization of complex nanostructures with hierarchically-ordered multiscale structures. Moreover, this approach also allows the selfassembly of heterostructures or hybrid nanomaterials in a cost-effective way. It is expected that widespread application of two-step self-assembly will give us a new way to fabricate multifunctional nanostructures with deliberately designed architectures. The concept of twostep self-assembly can also be extended to syntheses including more than two chemical/physical reaction steps (multiple-step self-assembly).

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“…It is because of their size quantization effect and high surface free energy [1,2]. Current research on these materials is motivated by precious technological applications like fabrication of nanostructured devices [3], solar energy conversion [4][5][6], optical coating [7], sensing of gases [8] and so on. Their catalytic [9] and electrocatalytic [10] properties were also demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%