We prepared a series of organic acids pillared layered rare earth compounds Y2-xEux(OH)5X·nH2O (X= Organic acid) by hydrothermal reaction, The distance of layers was determined by X-ray diffraction, and discussed the relationship between the intercalated organic anion and the distance between the layers, In addition, the layered rare earth compound we prepared exhibited good fluorescence properties, being excited by ultraviolet light, the layered compound exhibited characteristic fluorescence spectra of Eu3+ions. But the fluorescence intensity of the layered compound changed with different intercalated organic anions, by the ratio of the electric dipole transition and magnetic dipole transitions (5D0-7F2)/ (5D0-7F1), we studied the coordination environment of the luminescent center. And discussed the relationship between intercalated organic anions and fluorescence intensity.