Self‐Assembling Nanoparticles at Surfaces and Interfaces

Kinge, Sachin; Crego‐Calama, Mercedes; Reinhoudt, David N.

doi:10.1002/cphc.200700475

Cited by 384 publications

(368 citation statements)

References 437 publications

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“…To date, a few reviews have discussed nanoparticle superlattices,1, 2, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 however, a dedicated review emphasizing the important roles of soft ligands has not yet reported to the best of our knowledge. We therefore are motivated to cover the recent advances in nanoparticle superlattices from viewpoint of soft ligands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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Nanoparticle superlattices are periodic arrays of nanoscale inorganic building blocks including metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and magnetic nanoparticles. Such assemblies can exhibit exciting new collective properties different from those of individual nanoparticle or corresponding bulk materials. However, fabrication of nanoparticle superlattices is nontrivial because nanoparticles are notoriously difficult to manipulate due to complex nanoscale forces among them. An effective way to manipulate these nanoscale forces is to use soft ligands, which can prevent nanoparticles from disordered aggregation, fine‐tune the interparticle potential as well as program lattice structures and interparticle distances – the two key parameters governing superlattice properties. This article aims to review the up‐to‐date advances of superlattices from the viewpoint of soft ligands. We first describe the theories and design principles of soft‐ligand‐based approach and then thoroughly cover experimental techniques developed from soft ligands such as molecules, polymer and DNA. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives in nanoparticle superlattices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

et al. 2017

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“…1 These NCs can self-assemble in a range of different two-dimensional ͑2D͒ and three-dimensional ͑3D͒ superstructures. [2][3][4][5] NCs are usually protected by an organic capping layer that prevents aggregation, e.g., gold NCs are often capped with alkyl thiol molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding interactions between capped nanocrystals: Three-body and chain packing effects

Schapotschnikow

Vlugt

2009

The Journal of Chemical Physics

152

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Self-assembly of capped nanocrystals ͑NC͒ attracted a lot of attention over the past decade. Despite progress in manufacturing of NC superstructures, the current understanding of their mechanical and thermodynamic stability is still limited. For further applications, it is crucial to find the origin and the magnitude of the interactions that keep self-assembled NCs together, and it is desirable to find a way to rationally manipulate these interactions. We report on molecular simulations of interacting gold NCs protected by capping molecules. We computed the potential of mean force for pairs and triplets of NCs of different size ͑1.8-3.7 nm͒ with varying ligand length ͑ethanethiol-dodecanethiol͒ in vacuum. Pair interactions are strongly attractive due to attractive van der Waals interactions between ligand molecules. Three-body interaction results in an energy penalty when the capping layers overlap pairwise. This effect contributes up to 20% to the total energy for short ligands. For longer ligands, the three-body effects are so large that formation of NC chains becomes energetically more favorable than close packing of capped NCs at low concentrations, in line with experimental observations. To explain the equilibrium distance for two or more NCs, the overlap cone model is introduced. This model is based on relatively simple ligand packing arguments. In particular, it can correctly explain why the equilibrium distance for a pair of capped NCs is always Ϸ1.25 times the core diameter independently on the ligand length, as found in our previous work ͓Schapotschnikow, R. Pool, and T. J. H. Vlugt, Nano Lett. 8, 2930 ͑2008͔͒. We make predictions for which ligands capped NCs self-assemble into highly stable three-dimensional structures, and for which they form high-quality monolayers.

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“…The following parameters were used in the calculation. For semiconducting CdSe nanoparticle we take into account only most prominent long-wavelength exciton transition with resonant wavelength λ 01 = 590 nm that corresponds to ω 10 , the linewidth ∆λ 1 = 3 nm, the radius R 1 = 5 nm and squared magnitude of electric dipole moment of the transition |P 12 | 2 1 = 1.91 · 10 −31 erg·cm 3 [7,8]. For silver nanoparticle corresponding values are λ 02 = 420 nm, ∆λ 12 = 90 nm, R 2 = 6 nm and |P 12 | 2 2 = 3.12 · 10 −3 erg·cm 3 [29].…”

Section: One Metallic and One Semiconductor Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phenomena allow the formation of extremely complicated structures without using any technological processes. One should note that the majority of studies devoted to self-organized nanostructures formation is based on the chemical interactions and employs selective interactions between molecules from which the nanostructures are to be formed [4][5][6][7][8]. It seems promising to use physical fields, laser radiation in particular, for controlled self-organization of nanoobjects into clusters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles Controlled by Resonant Laser Light

Aleksandrovsky¹,

Tsipotan²,

Slabko³

et al. 2015

J. Sib. Fed. Univ., Math. phys.

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The paper presents theoretical justification for the possibility of formation of nanoparticle structures with the predefined configuration. The process of formation is the self-organized aggregation of nanoparticles under the action of external resonant laser field. The formation of various nanostructures that contain metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles with resonances in the visible spectrum is considered in the dipole-dipole approximation.

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Self‐Assembling Nanoparticles at Surfaces and Interfaces

Cited by 384 publications

References 437 publications

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

Nanoparticle Superlattices: The Roles of Soft Ligands

Understanding interactions between capped nanocrystals: Three-body and chain packing effects

Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles Controlled by Resonant Laser Light

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