Self-assembled wafer-like porous NaTi₂(PO₄)₃ decorated with hierarchical carbon as a high-rate anode for aqueous rechargeable sodium batteries

Abstract

Wafer-like porous NaTi2(PO4)3/C composite decorated by hierarchical carbon exhibits superior high rate capability and cycling stability as an anode in aqueous rechargeable sodium battery.

Porous NaTi2(PO4)3nanocubes: a high-rate nonaqueous sodium anode material with more than 10 000 cycle life

“…3 Many innovative electrode materials were exploited to address this problem, such as carbons, 4-9 metal alloys, 10-14 and intercalation-based layered metal oxides [15][16][17][18][19][20] . [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In these structures, two sodium ions can be reversibly intercalated in the 3D frameworks which are consist of three [XO 4 ] tetrahedra connected to two [MO 6 ] octahedra. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In these structures, two sodium ions can be reversibly intercalated in the 3D frameworks which are consist of three [XO 4 ] tetrahedra connected to two [MO 6 ] octahedra.…”

Sodium‐Ion Batteries: From Academic Research to Practical Commercialization

“…Based on recently reported achievements on the aqueous sodium-ion full-cell system, the energy density and average operating voltage are summarized in Figure 2. NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 composite was commonly used as anode, while layered transition metal (M) oxides (NaM x O 2 ), Prussian blue analogues, or Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 were employed as cathode, [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] although these aqueous full-cell systems suffer from the fatal problems of low average operating voltage (<1.5 V) and low energy density (≈50 W h kg −1 ), which limits their practical applications in large-scale energy storage. [53] Furthermore, some poorly understood issues still exist for the aqueous system, which need to be solved for future practical applications in large-scale electric energy storage.…”

A frogspawn-inspired hierarchical porous NaTi2(PO4)3–C array for high-rate and long-life aqueous rechargeable sodium batteries

“…Rietveld refinement is carried out to more precisely estimate the NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 phase ( Figure 5). [14][15][16][17] As illustrated in Figure 5b, the basic unit of [Ti 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] framework is constructed by two TiO 6 octahedra and three PO 4 tetrahedra via corner sharing and sodium ions fully occupy the interstitial sites. [14][15][16][17] As illustrated in Figure 5b, the basic unit of [Ti 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] framework is constructed by two TiO 6 octahedra and three PO 4 tetrahedra via corner sharing and sodium ions fully occupy the interstitial sites.…”