Self-assembled synthesis of oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanotubes in enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen

Zhang, Yizeng; Chen, Zhiwu; Li, Jinliang; Lu, Zhenya; Wang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.05.043

Cited by 130 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…As previously reported [ 49 ], doping P atoms into g-C 3 N 4 instead of C shifted the VBM and CBM down by 0.22 eV and 0.73 eV, respectively. These changes are consistent with previous reports that hetero-element-doped conjugated polymers have a tendency to reduce the band-gap width [ 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

One-Dimensional P-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Tube: Facile Synthesis, Effect of Doping Concentration, and Enhanced Mechanism for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Jia

Wei

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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P-doped graphitic carbon nitride tubes (P-CNTS) with different P concentrations were successfully fabricated via a pre-hydrothermal in combination with a calcination process under a nitrogen atmosphere. The as-prepared samples exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance with a hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 2749.3 μmol g−1 h−1, which was 17.5 and 6.6 times higher than that of the bulk graphitic carbon nitride (CNB) and graphitic carbon nitride tube (CNT). The structural and textural properties of the P-CNT samples were well-investigated via a series of characterization methods. Compared with the bulk g-C3N4, the tubular structure of the doped samples was provided with a larger specific surface area (SSA) and a relatively rough interior. Besides the above, surface defects were formed due to the doping, which could act as more active sites for the hydrogen production reaction. In addition, the introduction of the P element could effectively adjust the band-gap, strengthen the harvest of visible-light, and boost the effective separation of photogenerated charges. More interestingly, these findings can open up a novel prospect for the enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of the modified g-C3N4.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

One-Dimensional P-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Tube: Facile Synthesis, Effect of Doping Concentration, and Enhanced Mechanism for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Jia

Wei

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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“…The efficiency of the photocatalytic process is hampered because of the electron–hole recombination, and hence the excitation/separation ability of the charge carriers of BGTO and Pt/BGTO was evaluated via photoluminescence (PL) spectra employing 325 nm as the excitation wavelength ( Figure 6 c). Reduced intensity for the PL peak implies an increased separation between the electron–hole pairs [ 60 , 61 ]. Pt/BGTO showed distinctly much lower intensity for the PL peak compared with that of BGTO, implying that the photogenerated electron-hole pairs in Pt/BGTO had a lower rate of recombination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concurrent photocurrents for the samples of BGTO and Pt/BGTO were measured after being illuminated by the whole spectrum. The higher the photocurrent response, the higher is the charge carrier density, and the more efficient is the separation between the charge carriers [ 61 , 62 ], thus making it beneficial for photocatalytic performances. As represented in Figure 6 d, considerably higher photocurrent density was found for the Pt/BGTO sample in comparison with that of pure BGTO, demonstrating enhanced charge separation and transfer capability for the Pt/BGTO heterojunction structure, which is favorable towards its photocatalytic performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Effect Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Pt/Bi3.4Gd0.6Ti3O12 Plasmonic Photocatalysis

Liang

Chen

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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Novel Pt/Bi3.4Gd0.6Ti3O12 heterojunction was synthesized by a decoration of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) on the surface of piezoelectric Bi3.4Gd0.6Ti3O12 (BGTO) through an impregnation process. The photocatalytic, piezo-catalytic, and piezo-photocatalytic activities of the Pt/BGTO heterojunction for methyl orange (MO) degradation were investigated under ultrasonic excitation and whole spectrum light irradiation. The internal piezoelectric field of BGTO and a plasmonic effect have been proven important for the photocatalytic activity of the heterojunctions. Pt/BGTO exhibited an optimum photocatalytic degradation performance of 92% for MO in 70 min under irradiation of whole light spectrum and ultrasonic coexcitation, and this value was about 1.41 times higher than the degradation rate under whole spectrum light irradiation alone. The PtNPs in Pt/BGTO heterojunction can absorb the incident light intensively, and induce the collective oscillation of surface electrons due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, thus generating “hot” electron–hole pairs. The internal piezoelectric field produced in BGTO by ultrasonic can promote the separation of SPR-induced “hot” charge carriers and facilitate the production of highly reactive oxidation radicals, thus enhancing Pt/BGTO heterojunction′s photocatalytic activity for oxidizing organic dyes.

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“…Several typical nanostructures of porous g -C 3 N 4 have been applied in water splitting, such as one-dimensional (1D) nanotubes [ 182 , 183 , 184 ], 2D nanosheets [ 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 ], 3D hierarchical porous structure [ 141 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 ]. 1D nanostructures are usually arranged in an orderly long range, thus leading to low surface defect density and increased carrier mobility.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

g-C3N4: Properties, Pore Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications

et al. 2021

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as a polymeric semiconductor, is promising for ecological and economical photocatalytic applications because of its suitable electronic structures, together with the low cost, facile preparation, and metal-free feature. By modifying porous g-C3N4, its photoelectric behaviors could be facilitated with transport channels for photogenerated carriers, reactive substances, and abundant active sites for redox reactions, thus further improving photocatalytic performance. There are three types of methods to modify the pore structure of g-C3N4: hard-template method, soft-template method, and template-free method. Among them, the hard-template method may produce uniform and tunable pores, but requires toxic and environmentally hazardous chemicals to remove the template. In comparison, the soft templates could be removed at high temperatures during the preparation process without any additional steps. However, the soft-template method cannot strictly control the size and morphology of the pores, so prepared samples are not as orderly as the hard-template method. The template-free method does not involve any template, and the pore structure can be formed by designing precursors and exfoliation from bulk g-C3N4 (BCN). Without template support, there was no significant improvement in specific surface area (SSA). In this review, we first demonstrate the impact of pore structure on photoelectric performance. We then discuss pore modification methods, emphasizing comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Each method’s changing trend and development direction is also summarized in combination with the commonly used functional modification methods. Furthermore, we introduce the application prospects of porous g-C3N4 in the subsequent studies. Overall, porous g-C3N4 as an excellent photocatalyst has a huge development space in photocatalysis in the future.

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Self-assembled synthesis of oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanotubes in enhancement of visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen

Cited by 130 publications

References 64 publications

One-Dimensional P-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Tube: Facile Synthesis, Effect of Doping Concentration, and Enhanced Mechanism for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

One-Dimensional P-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Tube: Facile Synthesis, Effect of Doping Concentration, and Enhanced Mechanism for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Piezoelectric Effect Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Pt/Bi3.4Gd0.6Ti3O12 Plasmonic Photocatalysis

g-C3N4: Properties, Pore Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications

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