Self‐assembled Pd nanoparticle‐containing ionic liquid: Efficient and reusable catalyst for the Heck reaction in water

Abstract

A self‐assembled Pd nanoparticle‐containing ionic liquid as metal–organic polymer was successfully prepared. The structure of the catalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. The catalyst was effectively employed in the palladium‐catalyzed Heck reaction in water as a green solvent. Moreover, due to its stability the catalyst can be recovered simply and effectively and reused nine times without much loss of activity.

Chroman‐4‐one‐Based Amino Bidentate Ligand: An Efficient Ligand for Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck Coupling Reactions in Aqueous Medium

“…13 (E)-1-fluoro-4-styrylbenzene (10 g): [45] Yellow solid; Yield: 82 %; m.p 102-103°C; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.54 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (d, J = 4.2 Hz, 2H). 13 (E)-3-styrylpyridine (10 h): [49] Methyl cinnamate (10 i): [50] Methyl (E)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)acrylate (10 j): [51] Yellow solid; Yield: 78 %; m.p 98-100°C; 1 H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.70-7.67 (m, 3H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H). 13 Methyl (E)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)acrylate (10 k): [50] Methyl (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylate (10 l): [50] Methyl (E)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)acrylate (10 m): [49] tert-butyl cinnamate (10 n): [52] Colorless oil; Yield: 91 %; 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.58 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.36-7.34 (m, 3H), 6.36 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1H), 1.53 (s, 9H).…”

Recent Progress of Metal Nanoparticle Catalysts for C–C Bond Forming Reactions

“…The introduction of nitrogen-and phosphorus-based molecules is also of special interest, because they not only act as a stabilizer of metal NPs, but also as ligands, which enhance the catalytic activity of metal NPs. The metal NPs stabilized by small molecules were used not only as prepared ones, but also as in situ generated ones [343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353][354][355][356][357][358][359][360][361].…”

Synthesis and characterization of 4‐AMTT‐Pd(II) complex over Fe3O4@SiO2 as supported nanocatalyst for Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐heck cross‐coupling reactions in water

“…Palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions are adaptable and impressive methods for C‐C bond creations . Among them, the Mizoroki‐Heck and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions play significant roles in new synthetic chemistry …”