“…Selenium forms a complex with transition metals and seleno-compounds that decrease their toxicity. Both complex formation and oxidative damages contribute to a decrease of seleno-compound concentrations like Se-methionine (36). A zeolite supplementation reduces the toxic elements concentrations by combining with them in gastrointestinal tract.…”
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element for human and animal health, is covalently incorporated into amino acids, acts as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, and is involved in the maintenance of the immune system. The main goal of this investigation was to show the effect of Se supplementation, at levels slightly higher than the recommended values, combined with natural zeolite clinoptilolite on Se deposition in tissues (muscle and liver) and on the immune and antioxidative status of supplemented growing pigs. The experiment was carried out during a 98 d period on 60 pigs. Pigs were fed a standard feed mixture based on corn and soybean and were divided into four groups, according to the level of dietary selenium supplementation as follows: C-0.3 mg/kg DM organic Se, E1-0.5 mg/kg DM sodium selenite, E2-0.5 mg/kg DM organic selenium; E3-0.5 mg/kg DM organic Se+0.2% zeolite. Higher (P < 0.05) selenium concentrations were determined in the muscle and liver in growing pigs fed with higher organic Se in combination with zeolite compared to the lower organic Se concentration. Addition of organic Se increased (P < 0.05) Se deposition in muscle and liver compared to the equal amount of inorganic Se (E2 vs. E1). Higher organic Se in combination with natural zeolite addition increases (P < 0.05) proportion of pigs' cluster of differentiation (CD)45+ compared to the same amount of inorganic Se and lower organic Se addition. The proportion of CD45+ and CD4+ lymphocytes was higher (P < 0.05) in E3 group compared to the other groups. Higher (P < 0.05) proportion of CD21+ lymphocytes were measured in the E2 and E3 groups compared with the other groups. The highest (P < 0.01) activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in pig erythrocytes was observed in the E3 group, while higher (P < 0.05) activity of glutathione reductase (GR) was in all experimental groups related to the control one. A dietary addition of 0.5 mg/kg DM of organic Se in combination with zeolite (0.2% DM) has increased (P < 0.05) Se deposition in liver, muscle, and blood, compared to the dietary addition of 0.3 mg/kg DM of the organic Se.
“…Selenium forms a complex with transition metals and seleno-compounds that decrease their toxicity. Both complex formation and oxidative damages contribute to a decrease of seleno-compound concentrations like Se-methionine (36). A zeolite supplementation reduces the toxic elements concentrations by combining with them in gastrointestinal tract.…”
Selenium (Se), an essential trace element for human and animal health, is covalently incorporated into amino acids, acts as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, and is involved in the maintenance of the immune system. The main goal of this investigation was to show the effect of Se supplementation, at levels slightly higher than the recommended values, combined with natural zeolite clinoptilolite on Se deposition in tissues (muscle and liver) and on the immune and antioxidative status of supplemented growing pigs. The experiment was carried out during a 98 d period on 60 pigs. Pigs were fed a standard feed mixture based on corn and soybean and were divided into four groups, according to the level of dietary selenium supplementation as follows: C-0.3 mg/kg DM organic Se, E1-0.5 mg/kg DM sodium selenite, E2-0.5 mg/kg DM organic selenium; E3-0.5 mg/kg DM organic Se+0.2% zeolite. Higher (P < 0.05) selenium concentrations were determined in the muscle and liver in growing pigs fed with higher organic Se in combination with zeolite compared to the lower organic Se concentration. Addition of organic Se increased (P < 0.05) Se deposition in muscle and liver compared to the equal amount of inorganic Se (E2 vs. E1). Higher organic Se in combination with natural zeolite addition increases (P < 0.05) proportion of pigs' cluster of differentiation (CD)45+ compared to the same amount of inorganic Se and lower organic Se addition. The proportion of CD45+ and CD4+ lymphocytes was higher (P < 0.05) in E3 group compared to the other groups. Higher (P < 0.05) proportion of CD21+ lymphocytes were measured in the E2 and E3 groups compared with the other groups. The highest (P < 0.01) activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in pig erythrocytes was observed in the E3 group, while higher (P < 0.05) activity of glutathione reductase (GR) was in all experimental groups related to the control one. A dietary addition of 0.5 mg/kg DM of organic Se in combination with zeolite (0.2% DM) has increased (P < 0.05) Se deposition in liver, muscle, and blood, compared to the dietary addition of 0.3 mg/kg DM of the organic Se.
“…Se is known to interact with and alter concentrations of some biologically relevant elements . While no discernable differences in localization and concentration could be detected for most elements, notable differences between sections of control and exposed tadpoles were observed for Ca, copper (Cu), and Fe.…”
Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) coupled with X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) imaging was used to study selenium (Se) biodistribution and speciation in Limnodynastes peronii tadpoles. Tadpoles were exposed to dissolved Se (30 μg/L) as selenite (Se IV ) or selenate (Se VI ) for 7 days followed by 3 days of depuration. High-resolution elemental maps revealed that Se partitioned primarily in the eyes (specifically the eye lens, iris, and retinal pigmented epithelium), digestive and excretory organs of Se IV -exposed tadpoles. Speciation analysis confirmed that the majority of accumulated Se was converted to organo-Se. Multielement analyses provided new information on Se colocalization and its impact on trace element homeostasis. New insights into the fate of Se on a whole organism scale contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms and risks associated with Se pollution.
“…In rats, Se and vitamin E exhibited dietary compensatory relationships and were found to act synergistically [ 38 , 39 ]. Moreover, various additional interactions between Se and other trace elements or nutrients have been described [ 40 ]. The content of Cu, Fe, Cr, and Zn in the liver and kidneys did not differ in the EF/SeEF groups compared to the B–D groups, and for this reason, the influence of other elements may be ruled out.…”
The selenium (Se) enrichment of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has recently emerged as a novel concept; the individual health effects of these beneficial microorganisms are combined by supplying the essential micronutrient Se in a more bioavailable and less toxic form. This study investigated the bioavailability of Se in the strains Enterococcus faecium CCDM 922A (EF) and Streptococcus thermophilus CCDM 144 (ST) and their respective Se-enriched forms, SeEF and SeST, in a CD (SD-Sprague Dawley) IGS rat model. Se-enriched LAB administration resulted in higher Se concentrations in the liver and kidneys of rats, where selenocystine was the prevalent Se species. The administration of both Se-enriched strains improved the antioxidant status of the animals. The effect of the diet was more pronounced in the heart tissue, where a lower glutathione reductase content was observed, irrespective of the Se fortification in LAB. Interestingly, rats fed diets with EF and SeEF had higher glutathione reductase activity. Reduced concentrations of serum malondialdehyde were noted following Se supplementation. Diets containing Se-enriched strains showed no macroscopic effects on the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain and had no apparent influence on the basic parameters of the lipid metabolism. Both the strains tested herein showed potential for further applications as promising sources of organically bound Se and Se nanoparticles.
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