Selenium and COVID-19: A spotlight on the clinical trials, inventive compositions, and patent literature

Alshammari, Mohammed Kanan; Fatima, Waseem; Alraya, Reem Ahmed; Alzahrani, A. Khuzaim; Kamal, Mehnaz; Alshammari, Reem Saud; Alshammari, Sarah Ayad; Alharbi, Lina Mohammed; Alsubaie, Norah Saad; Alosaimi, Rakan Bijad; Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin; Imran, Mohd

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.09.011

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The patent literature on a drug provides information about the inventions and innovations related to a drug. This information helps develop other drug inventions [74,75]. Our patent literature search provided different inventions related to Trofinetide (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Highlights on the Development and Related Inventions of the First USFDA-Approved Treatment for Rare Pediatric Unmet Medical Need

Hudu

El-Migdadi

Al-Qtaitat

et al. 2023

JCM

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Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare disability causing female-oriented pediatric neurodevelopmental unmet medical need. RTT was recognized in 1966. However, over the past 56 years, the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has authorized no effective treatment for RTT. Recently, Trofinetide was approved by the USFDA on 10 March 2023 as the first RTT treatment. This article underlines the pharmaceutical advancement, patent literature, and prospects of Trofinetide. The data for this study were gathered from the PubMed database, authentic websites (Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Neuren Pharmaceuticals, and USFDA), and free patent databases. Trofinetide was first disclosed by Neuren Pharmaceuticals in 2000 as a methyl group containing analog of the naturally occurring neuroprotective tripeptide called glycine-proline-glutamate (GPE). The joint efforts of Acadia Pharmaceuticals and Neuren Pharmaceuticals have developed Trofinetide. The mechanism of action of Trofinetide is not yet well established. However, it is supposed to improve neuronal morphology and synaptic functioning. The patent literature revealed a handful of inventions related to Trofinetide, providing excellent and unexplored broad research possibilities with Trofinetide. The development of innovative Trofinetide-based molecules, combinations of Trofinetide, patient-compliant drug formulations, and precise MECP2-mutation-related personalized medicines are foreseeable. Trofinetide is in clinical trials for some neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including treating Fragile X syndrome (FXS). It is expected that Trofinetide may be approved for treating FXS in the future. The USFDA-approval of Trofinetide is one of the important milestones for RTT therapy and is the beginning of a new era for the therapy of RTT, FXS, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), brain injury, stroke, and other NDDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Highlights on the Development and Related Inventions of the First USFDA-Approved Treatment for Rare Pediatric Unmet Medical Need

Hudu

El-Migdadi

Al-Qtaitat

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…This will help in reducing the mortality rate among patients with COVID-19 and other serious viral diseases. For instance, Alshammari et al suggested the potential of developing Se-based dosages and compositions, such as inhalers and sprays, to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Status and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: Insufficient intake of essential micronutrient selenium (Se) increases the susceptibility to diseases associated with oxidative stress. The study aim was to assess Se status and oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients depending on severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: Blood plasma of 80 post-COVID-19 disease patients and 40 acutely ill patients were investigated. Concentration of Se was detected by a fluorometric method with di-amino-naphthalene using acidic hydrolysis. Selenoprotein P (Sepp1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and their metabolite adducts were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods using commercial assay kits. Results: Obtained results demonstrated that Se and Sepp1 concentration in acute patients were significantly (p < 0.05 for Se and p < 0.001 for Sepp1) decreased compared with post-COVID-19 disease patients. However, in post-COVID-19 disease patients, Se values were close to the low limit of the norm for the European population. 4-HNE adducts concentration as a marker of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the acute patients group compared to the recovery group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: COVID-19 pathology is characterized by the induction of oxidative stress and suppression of antioxidant defenses during the acute phase. Lower levels of Se and Sepp1 and higher levels of reactive oxygen species reflect this imbalance, highlighting the role of oxidative stress in the disease’s pathogenesis.

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“…It increases antibody titers after vaccination for hepatitis B, tetanus, and influenza infection and has been shown to decrease the incidence of pneumonia in elderly men ( 34 ). Selenium apart from downregulating the ACE-2 receptor also inhibits viral proteases of SARS-CoV-2 ( 35 ). Curcumin inhibits ACE-2 receptor, viral protease, and viral S protein ( 36 , 37 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Antioxidant Molecules On the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel antioxidant protein target therapy to counter the prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2

Kaur,

Dey,

Rawat

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundThis review analyzed the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic globally and in India and the measures to counter its effect using natural and innate immune booster molecules. The study focuses on two phases: the first focuses on the magnitude, and the second on the effect of antioxidants (natural compounds) on SARS-CoV-2.MethodsThe magnitude of the prevalence, mortality, and comorbidities was acquired from the World Health Organization (WHO) report, media, a report from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), newspapers, and the National Centre of Disease Control (NCDC). Research articles from PubMed as well as other sites/journals and databases were accessed to gather literature on the effect of antioxidants.ResultsIn the elderly and any chronic diseases, the declined level of antioxidant molecules enhanced the reactive oxygen species, which in turn deprived the immune system.ConclusionInnate antioxidant proteins like sirtuin and sestrin play a vital role in enhancing immunity. Herbal products and holistic approaches can also be alternative solutions for everyday life to boost the immune system by improving the redox balance in COVID-19 attack. This review analyzed the counteractive effect of alternative therapy to boost the immune system against the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Selenium and COVID-19: A spotlight on the clinical trials, inventive compositions, and patent literature

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Highlights on the Development and Related Inventions of the First USFDA-Approved Treatment for Rare Pediatric Unmet Medical Need

Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Highlights on the Development and Related Inventions of the First USFDA-Approved Treatment for Rare Pediatric Unmet Medical Need

Selenium Status and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Novel antioxidant protein target therapy to counter the prevalence and severity of SARS-CoV-2

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