Selenium Status and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Šķesters, Andrejs; Lece, Anna; Kustovs, Dmitrijs; Zolovs, Maksims

doi:10.3390/medicina59030527

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Elevated levels of lipid peroxidation products in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 were also reported in other studies. 6 , 63 , 64 Some researchers found correlations between the concentrations of lipid peroxidation products and disease severity, 65 and between 4-HNE levels and the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients. 6 The peroxidation of lipids, mainly unsaturated fatty acids, leads to the production of peroxides and, in subsequent reactions, aldehydes such as MDA and HNE 66 , 67 which were analyzed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Biomarkers – An Effective Tool for Diagnosing COVID-19 Patients and Convalescents

Wolszczak-Biedrzycka,

Dorf,

Matowicka-Karna

et al. 2024

JIR

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Aim COVID-19 triggers the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which, in combination with a weakened antioxidant barrier, can lead to protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, the overall redox potential, and protein and lipid peroxidation products in COVID-19 patients, convalescents, and healthy subjects, and to the determine the diagnostic applicability of these parameters in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods The study involved 218 patients with COVID-19, 69 convalescents, and 48 healthy subjects who were selected for the research based on age and sex. The study was conducted between 20 February 2021 and 20 November 2021 in Białystok, Poland. The antioxidant barrier, redox status, and oxidative damage products were assessed in serum/plasma samples with the use of colorimetric and spectrophotometric assays. Results Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was higher, whereas total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was lower in COVID-19 patients than in convalescents (p<0.0001) and the control group (p<0.0001). The concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher in COVID-19 patients (p<0.0001) and convalescents (p<0.0001) than in the control group. AGEs were the most effective diagnostic biomarker for differentiating COVID-19 patients from the control group (AUC=0.9971) and convalescents from the control group (AUC=1.000). Conclusion An infection with the SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the redox balance and increases protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. AGEs fulfill the criteria for a potential diagnostic biomarker in COVID-19 patients and convalescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Biomarkers – An Effective Tool for Diagnosing COVID-19 Patients and Convalescents

Wolszczak-Biedrzycka,

Dorf,

Matowicka-Karna

et al. 2024

JIR

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“…Lowered selenium in plasma correlates with decreasing tolerance to viral infection, induced ROS formation, which leads to oxidative stress. It induces cell and tissue damage [27] and can weaken the immune system in total [28]. Plasma selenium level was determined using the Alfthan fluorometric method, based on the reduction of selenium compounds at an excitation wavelength of 369 nanometers and an emulsion wavelength of 518 nanometers (previously reported [27]).…”

Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It induces cell and tissue damage [27] and can weaken the immune system in total [28]. Plasma selenium level was determined using the Alfthan fluorometric method, based on the reduction of selenium compounds at an excitation wavelength of 369 nanometers and an emulsion wavelength of 518 nanometers (previously reported [27]). Reference values are 70 to 130 µg/L [29].…”

Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Status in Patients after Breast Mastopexy and Augmentation

Jurševičs,

Krasiļņikova

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Mammary gland surgery has become very common, but there are complications of these operations, including the concept of breast implant illness (BII) in women with silicone gel breast implants (SBI), who suffer from various symptoms such as myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue, fever, dry eyes, or dry mouth. Silicone biomaterials are synthetic polymers that have their own physical and chemical properties and can exert their effect at the site of use and possibly on the general status of the body, causing inflammation and oxidative stress signs. The aim of the study was to examine components of the blood antioxidant system (AOS) of the mastopexy and breast augmentation patients before the operation, on the first post-op day, and 6 months after surgery. Materials and Methods: Healthy breast surgery patients (women aged 31 to 60 years without visible pathologies) were selected for the study and formed 2 groups: breast lift—mastopexy without silicone biomaterials (I group, 30 patients) and breast augmentation using silicone biomaterials (II group, 28 patients). All patients underwent standard preoperative tests. Glutathione peroxidase (GPxSe) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in blood, selenium (Se), selenium protein P (SelPP), and total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma were measured as AOS parameters. The concentration of vitamin D was also determined. A total of 174 blood tests were performed. Results: Overall, there were no differences in both groups in measured antioxidant system indicators over time; neither changes in objective nor subjective status were observed. However, baseline activity of GPxSe was relatively high but restored to normal values 6 months after surgery. In the mastopexy group, GPxSe decreased from 12,961.7 U/L by 18.9% to 10,513.4 U/L, and in the breast augmentation group, from 15,505.0 U/L by 25.1% to 11,265.5 U/L, which is a decrease of 18.9% and 25.1%, respectively. The patients did not note any complaints; other indicators of standard biochemical tests were within normal limits. Conclusions: The two types of surgical interventions, breast mastopexy and augmentation of the mammary glands, do not significantly impact blood AOS and are physiological in nature.

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“…Circulating and excretory MDA concentrations have been determined in COVID-19 patients and used as a biomarker of oxidative stress [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Of these articles, only one study reported on age-dependency of circulating MDA [34].…”

Section: Malondialdehyde In Covid-19 41 Malondialdehyde In Acute Long...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Šk , esters and colleagues [30,31] measured MDA in the plasma of 120 COVID-19 patients (age not reported) by means of a commercially available OxiSelect™ TBARS (MDA Quantitation) assay kit. The MDA plasma concentration was reported to be 27 ± 11 µM in 40 acutely ill COVID-19 patients, 31 ± 19 µM in 40 post-COVID-19 patients in the springsummer wave, and 27 ± 11 µM in 40 post-COVID-19 patients in the summer-autumn wave (no year reported).…”

Section: Malondialdehyde In Covid-19 41 Malondialdehyde In Acute Long...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating and Urinary Concentrations of Malondialdehyde in Aging Humans in Health and Disease: Review and Discussion

Tsikas,

Mikuteit

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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(1) Background: Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a major and stable product of oxidative stress. MDA circulates in the blood and is excreted in the urine in its free and conjugated forms, notably with L-lysine and L-serine. MDA is the most frequently measured biomarker of oxidative stress, namely lipid peroxidation. Oxidative stress is generally assumed to be associated with disease and to increase with age. Here, we review and discuss the literature concerning circulating and excretory MDA as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation in aging subjects with regard to health and disease, such as kidney disease, erectile dysfunction, and COVID-19. (2) Methods: Scientific articles, notably those reporting on circulating (plasma, serum) and urinary MDA, which concern health and disease, and which appeared in PubMed were considered; they formed the basis for evaluating the potential increase in oxidative stress, particularly lipid peroxidation, as humans age. (3) Results and Conclusions: The results reported in the literature thus far are contradictory. The articles considered in the present study are not supportive of the general view that oxidative stress increases with aging. Many functions of several organs, including the filtration efficiency of the kidneys, are physiologically reduced in men and women as they age. This effect is likely to result in the apparent “accumulation” of biomarkers of oxidative stress, concomitantly with the “accumulation” of biomarkers of an organ’s function, such as creatinine. How free and conjugated MDA forms are transported in various organs (including the brain) and how they are excreted in the urine via the kidney is not known, and investigating these questions should be the objective of forthcoming studies. The age- and gender-related increase in circulating creatinine might be a useful factor to be taken into consideration when investigating oxidative stress and aging.

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Selenium Status and Oxidative Stress in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Redox Biomarkers – An Effective Tool for Diagnosing COVID-19 Patients and Convalescents

Redox Biomarkers – An Effective Tool for Diagnosing COVID-19 Patients and Convalescents

Antioxidant Status in Patients after Breast Mastopexy and Augmentation

Circulating and Urinary Concentrations of Malondialdehyde in Aging Humans in Health and Disease: Review and Discussion

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