Selectively Connected: New Songdo and the Production of Global Space

Martin, Bridget

doi:10.1017/9789048528240.012

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The supplemental datasets referenced in Supporting Information S1 have been published in an open access repository (Martin, 2024a ). All code used in this analysis is available in a Git repository (Martin, 2024b ).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Progress Toward Urban Nature Targets Using Landcover and Vegetation Indices: A Global Study for the 96 C40 Cities

Martin,

O’Dell,

Kinney

et al. 2024

GeoHealth

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Access to urban natural space, including blue and greenspace, is associated with improved health. In 2021, the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group set 2030 Urban Nature Declaration (UND) targets: “Quality Total Cover” (30% green area within each city) and “Equitable Spatial Distribution” (70% of the population living close to natural space). We evaluate progress toward these targets in the 96 C40 cities using globally available, high‐resolution data sets for landcover and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We use the European Space Agency (ESA)'s WorldCover data set to define greenspace with discrete landcover categories and ESA's Sentinel‐2A to calculate NDVI, adding the “open water” landcover category to characterize total natural space. We compare 2020 levels of urban green and natural space to the two UND targets and predict the city‐specific NDVI level consistent with the UND targets using linear regressions. The 96‐city mean NDVI was 0.538 (range: 0.148, 0.739). Most (80%) cities meet the Quality Total Cover target, and nearly half (47%) meet the Equitable Spatial Distribution target. Landcover‐measured greenspace and total natural space were strong (mean R2 = 0.826) and moderate (mean R2 = 0.597) predictors of NDVI and our NDVI‐based natural space proximity measure, respectively. The 96‐city mean predicted NDVI value of meeting the UND targets was 0.478 (range: 0.352–0.565) for Quality Total Cover and 0.660 (range: 0.498–0.767) for Equitable Spatial Distribution. Our translation of the area‐ and access‐based metrics common in urban natural space targets into the NDVI metric used in epidemiology allows for quantifying the health benefits of achieving such targets.

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Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking Progress Toward Urban Nature Targets Using Landcover and Vegetation Indices: A Global Study for the 96 C40 Cities

Martin,

O’Dell,

Kinney

et al. 2024

GeoHealth

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“…attract foreign capital (Martin 2015). In this political framework, Songdo was included in the so-called IFEZ (Incheon Free Economic Zone) International/Pederson and Fox and a few chaebol (among which POSCO plays a key role) for the private.…”

Section: Temporalities Of a Mega-project Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address these questions, we use various recent secondary sources steadily published mainly in English and Korean since 2012 (Shwayri 2013;Lichá 2015). We have mentioned some of the literature on economic geography and political economy, which researchers (Varrel and Kennedy 2011;Martin 2015;Shin 2016) have applied to analyze the Songdo mega-project as integrated into the international competition of large metropolitan areas and as a paragon of urban developmentalism and entrepreneurship. Another direction of research sharply criticizes the dimension of Songdo as a standardized green city (Kuecker 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart City Songdo? A Digital Turn on Urban Fabric

Peyrard¹,

Gelézeau²

2020

Seoul Journal of Korean Studies

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Using the perspective of cultural and critical geography, this paper discusses the fabric of Songdo, South Korea, a mega-urban project declared as the paragon of a "smart city" and intended to house about 250,000 inhabitants by 2020. 1 After demonstrating how Songdo fits David Harvey's (1975Harvey's ( , 2001b) concept of a "mega-project," we deconstruct the development of Songdo to show how the city is a "spatial fix" (Harvey 1981(Harvey , 2001a. Then, according to Henri Lefebvre's (1974) theory of space (conceived, perceived, and experienced), we analyze Songdo's smart city marketing. This method allows us to interrogate the logics of actors in the fabric of Songdo and the articulation between the fabric, the meaning, and the living, focusing on residential scale. What does it mean to live in such a "smart city" in the making? Are the housing, planning, and public facilities appropriate for the pioneering residents' actual practices in the new city? Has digital intelligence had any effects on building and managing a city? If so, what are they? By analyzing data collected through ethnographic methods, we present a better vision of the complex temporalities of such a mega-project under construction. A city in the making leads to functional and morphological discrepancies: from the presence of idle lands nearby brand new towers to vegetable gardens in front of glamorous urban facilities. Our approach to Songdo is remote from the usual boasting discourse on the "smart city." Songdo is hardly smarter than any contemporary city; rather, it is a smart city only because digital life enhanced by the use of smartphones has become a "total social fact" (Mauss 1973) in South Korea and in urbanism.

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Selectively Connected: New Songdo and the Production of Global Space

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Tracking Progress Toward Urban Nature Targets Using Landcover and Vegetation Indices: A Global Study for the 96 C40 Cities

Tracking Progress Toward Urban Nature Targets Using Landcover and Vegetation Indices: A Global Study for the 96 C40 Cities

Smart City Songdo? A Digital Turn on Urban Fabric

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