Selective substrate uptake: The role of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) importers in pathogenesis

Abstract

The uptake of nutrients, including metals, amino acids and peptides are required for many biological processes. Pathogenic bacteria scavenge these essential nutrients from microenvironments to survive within the host. Pathogens must utilize a myriad of mechanisms to acquire these essential nutrients from the host while mediating the effects of toxicity. Bacteria utilize several transport proteins, including ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters to import and expel substrates. ABC transporters, conserved across all organisms, are powered by the energy from ATP to move substrates across cellular membranes. In this review, we will focus on nutrient uptake, the role of ABC importers at the host-pathogen interface, and explore emerging therapies to combat pathogenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Beyond the Structure-Function Horizon of Membrane Proteins edited by Ute Hellmich, Rupak Doshi and Benjamin McIlwain.

Dynamic interactions within the host-associated microbiota cause tumor formation in the basal metazoan Hydra

“…These factors are of particular interest since they may be involved in the interaction of Pseudomonas with both the spirochetes and the Hydra host. The flagellum and pili [28][29][30][31][32][33][34], diverse secretion systems [35][36][37] as well as ABC-transporters [38][39][40] have been previously reported as virulence factors crucial for colonization, persistence and pathogenesis of diverse Gramnegative bacteria, including the closely related P. aeruginosa species. These factors promote bacterial virulence not only by enhancing attachment to eukaryotic cells, but also by mediating the delivery of secreted effector proteins (toxins) from the cytosol of the bacteria into host cells.…”

Novel Tetraplex Quantitative PCR Assays for Simultaneous Detection and Identification of Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies in Plant Tissues

“…These combinations target single-copy genes encoding proteins involved in bacterial metabolism. This is the case for the XF primers and probe targeting a gene encoding a ketol-acid reductoisomerase, an enzyme essential in the biosynthesis pathway of the L-isoleucine and L-valine; XFF primers and probe target a gene encoding a restriction modification system DNA specificity, involved in defense against foreign DNA (Wilson and Murray, 1991); XFM primers and probe target a gene coding a DNA methyltransferase; XFMO primers and probe target a gene coding an S24 peptidase involved in a stress-response against DNA lesions and leading to the repair of single-stranded DNA (Erill et al, 2007); XFP primers and probe target a gene coding a histidine kinase and an ABC transporter substrate, two membrane proteins involved in signal transduction across the cellular membrane (Yoshida et al, 2007;Tanaka et al, 2018). The targets of our subspecific assays were selected to be exactly identical among all strains of a given subspecies and absent from any other bacteria; thus, these targets are not recombining elements.…”

Transcriptome and Proteome of Fish-Pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae Are Modulated by Temperature

“…PstAB are responsible for bacterial growth in environment with limited inorganic phosphate concentration and by adhesion of S. mutans in abiotic surfaces (Ferreira et al, 2016 ). Nickel uptake by ABC transporters is essential for maintaining a neutral bacterial cytosolic pH and to allow colonization of S. aureus and Helicobacter pylori in human cells (Tanaka et al, 2018 ). Cobalt is important for bacterial energy metabolism and anabolism, being found in the corrin ring of coenzyme B 12 .…”