SELECTIVE STAINING OF HISTONES WITH AMMONIACAL-SILVER**Supported in part by Grant CA 05678 from National Cancer Institute, United States Public Health Service.

Black, Max; Ansley, Hudson R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-012677-7.50007-4

A Laboratory Manual of Analytical Methods of Protein Chemistry 1969

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-012677-7.50007-4

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SELECTIVE STAINING OF HISTONES WITH AMMONIACAL-SILVER**Supported in part by Grant CA 05678 from National Cancer Institute, United States Public Health Service.

Max Black

Hudson R. Ansley

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2009

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Organization of chromosome fibrils in Euglena gracilis

Haapala

Soyer

2009

Hereditas

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Euglena gracilis chromosomes spread on water and studied as whole mounts in the electron microscope were found to have axial fibrils (chromosome axis) and chromomere fibrils, i.e. they display essentially the same chromomere organization which has been demonstrated in the chromosomes of higher eukaryotyes. The diameter of chromomere fibrils was about 100 Å but in addition, they appeared to be composed of spheroid subunits about 100–120 Å in diameter. In spread chromosomes the chromomere fibrils of a chromosome often became totally detached from the axis, but at the same time, axial tips (“telomeres”) were found to be in direct continuity with the chromomere fibrils. Thus as a tentative model we suggest that Euglena chromosomes are circular uninemic structures formed by two segments of the unineme: the axis and the chromomere fibril. We also suggest that during evolution of eukaryote chromosome organization chromosomal DNA has remained circular and incidentally that all the chromosomes might be circular structures in which genetic linearity is withheld by interspersion of stretches of axial fibril.

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Organization of chromosome fibrils in Euglena gracilis

Haapala

Soyer

2009

Hereditas

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Chromosome ultrastructure in the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune

Haapala

Nienstedt

2009

Hereditas

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1976. Chromosome ultrastructure in the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune. -Hereditas 84: 49-60. Lund, Sweden. ISSN oO18-066l. Received June 30,19 i6Composition and ultrastructure of the chromosomes of the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune FR. were studied by histochemical staining, electron microscopy and DNA-fiber autoradiography. The histochemical reactions used for the detection of histones gave positive results in spore and dikaryotic hyphal nuclei indicating the presence of histones. Electron-microscopical localization of ammoniacal silver reaction for histones showed that silver grains, about 2M)--400 A in diameter, appeared only in the nuclei. This is the strongest evidence that the basic protein found by means of Fast Green and sulfaflavine is histone. In spread spore chromatin the diameter of chromatin fibers ranged from 30 A to 120 A. Fibers were found to be composed of spherical subunits, chromatinomeres (90-100 A in diameter). The linear array of silver grains in the chromatin stained with ammoniacal silver resembles chromatinomere organization. This supports earlier assumptions that chromatinomeres contain histones. Basidiospores were found to contain 0.02 pg of DNA per haploid nucleus, which divided by the chromosome number (n=4) gives an average value of 1.6 mm of DNA per average chromosome. DNA-fiber autoradiography of labelled spore chromosomal DNA revealed molecules up to 2.2 mm in length. This is taken as evidence of "chromosome-sized" DNA molecules and a uninemic structure of eukaryotic chromosomes.

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SELECTIVE STAINING OF HISTONES WITH AMMONIACAL-SILVER**Supported in part by Grant CA 05678 from National Cancer Institute, United States Public Health Service.

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Organization of chromosome fibrils in Euglena gracilis

Organization of chromosome fibrils in Euglena gracilis

Chromosome ultrastructure in the basidiomycete fungus Schizophyllum commune

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