Selective solvent extraction and characterization of the acid extractable fraction of Athabasca oils sands process waters by Orbitrap mass spectrometry

Headley, John V.; Peru, Kerry M.; Fahlman, Bradley D.; Colodey, A.; McMartin, Dena W.

doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2012.08.023

Cited by 86 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Final concentrations (mean ± SE) for the four NAFC stocks were determined to be 2504 mg/L (2009 Industry A Fresh), 1998 mg/L (2011 Industry A Fresh), 1243 mg/L (2011 Industry B Fresh) and 242 mg/L (2011 Industry A Aged), via liquid chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry with time of flight detection (LC/QToF) and using Merichem naphthenic acid reference material for calibration (see Disclaimer). All seven NA and NAFC mixtures were additionally characterized by Orbitrap analysis in the Environment Canada laboratory in Saskatoon, SK, Canada (Headley et al, 2013a; Fig. 1, Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Of Na and Nafc Concentrations In Stock Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NAs refined from petroleum are also commercially produced for use as textile and wood preservatives, surfactants, paint driers, and to promote adhesion during tire manufacture (Brient et al, 1995). Related compounds are also found in oil due to the unveiling of new compound classes, including aromatic, adamantane or diamondoid structures (Rowland et al, 2011a,b,c) as well as sulphur-and nitrogen-containing compounds and multiple oxygenated acid species (Barrow et al, 2009;Bataineh et al, 2006;Headley et al, 2011Headley et al, , 2013a. The term 'naphthenic acid fraction components' (NAFCs) will be used here to capture this wide range of extracted components studied in this investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

et al. 2015

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Section: Measurement Of Na and Nafc Concentrations In Stock Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

et al. 2015

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“…[20][21][22] For example, Headley et al 21 analysed the polar organic compound content of OSPW and natural surface waters by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). [20][21][22] For example, Headley et al 21 analysed the polar organic compound content of OSPW and natural surface waters by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the distributions of adamantane acids to profile short-term temporal and pond-scale spatial variations in the composition of oil sands process-affected waters

Lengger

Scarlett

West

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Oil industry produced waters, such as the oils sands process-affected waters (OSPW) of Alberta, Canada, represent a challenge in terms of risk assessment and reclamation due to their extreme complexity, particularly of the organic chemical constituents, including the naphthenic acids (NA). The identification of numerous NA in single samples has raised promise for the use of NA distributions for profiling OSPW. However, monitoring of the success of containment is still difficult, due to the lack of knowledge of the homogeneity (or otherwise) of OSPW composition within, and between, different industry containments. Here we used GC×GC-MS to compare the NA of five OSPW samples from each of two different industries. Short-term temporal and pond-scale spatial variations in the distributions of known adamantane acids and diacids and other unknown tricyclic acids were examined and a statistical appraisal of the replicate data made. The presence/absence of individual acids easily distinguished the OSPW NA of one industry from those of the other. The proportions of tricyclic acids with different carbon numbers also varied significantly between the OSPW of the two industries. The pond-scale spatial variation in NA in OSPW samples was higher than the short-term (2 weeks) temporal variations. An OSPW sample from an aged pond was exceptionally high in the proportion of C15,16,17 compounds, possibly due to increased biotransformation. Such techniques could possibly also help to distinguish different sources of NA in the environment.

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“…This complexity makes both broad and specific chemical and toxicological characterizations challenging. The common compounds in OSPW include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a complex mixture of carboxylic acids surfactants (including naphthenic acids), trace elements (e.g., metals, semimetals, and metalloids), and major ions (Allen ; Rowland, Scarlett et al ; Ross et al ; Headley, Peru, Fahlman et al ). Responsible release of OSPW requires a thorough understanding of the characteristics of constituents within the OSPW, as well as characteristics of the receiving environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Existing Science to Inform Oil Sands Process Water Release: A Technical Workshop Summary

Tanna¹,

Redman

Frank

et al. 2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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The extraction of oil sands from mining operations in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region uses an alkaline hot water extraction process. The oil sands process water (OSPW) is recycled to facilitate material transport (e.g., ore and tailings), process cooling, and is also reused in the extraction process. The industry has expanded since commercial mining began in 1967 and companies have been accumulating increasing inventories of OSPW. Short‐ and long‐term sustainable water management practices require the ability to return treated water to the environment. The safe release of OSPW needs to be based on sound science and engineering practices to ensure downstream protection of ecological and human health. A significant body of research has contributed to the understanding of the chemistry and toxicity of OSPW. A multistakeholder science workshop was held in September 2017 to summarize the state of science on the toxicity and chemistry of OSPW. The goal of the workshop was to review completed research in the areas of toxicology, chemical analysis, and monitoring to support the release of treated oil sands water. A key outcome from the workshop was identifying research needs to inform future water management practices required to support OSPW return. Another key outcome of the workshop was the recognition that methods are sufficiently developed to characterize chemical and toxicological characteristics of OSPW to address and close knowledge gaps. Industry, government, and local indigenous stakeholders have proceeded to utilize these insights in reviewing policy and regulations. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:519–527. © 2019 SETAC

show abstract

Selective solvent extraction and characterization of the acid extractable fraction of Athabasca oils sands process waters by Orbitrap mass spectrometry

Cited by 86 publications

References 18 publications

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

Toxicity of naphthenic acid fraction components extracted from fresh and aged oil sands process-affected waters, and commercial naphthenic acid mixtures, to fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) embryos

Use of the distributions of adamantane acids to profile short-term temporal and pond-scale spatial variations in the composition of oil sands process-affected waters

Overview of Existing Science to Inform Oil Sands Process Water Release: A Technical Workshop Summary

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